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La dinámica del superswell y el manto debajo del Pacífico Sur
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 25, 1990
Resumen
El Superswell de la Polinesia Francesa exhibe profundidades poco profundas inusuales y una fuerza débil debido al exceso de calor y la baja viscosidad del manto. Esta región única libera un flujo de calor geotérmico significativo, potencialmente impulsado por los depósitos de manto enriquecidos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- La geoquímica es la geoquímica.
- La tectónica de placas es la tectónica de placas.
Sus antecedentes:
- El Superswell de la Polinesia Francesa muestra propiedades geofísicas anómalas (profundidad, fuerza de flexión, velocidad sísmica, anomalía geoide) inconsistentes con su edad litosférica.
- Estas anomalías sugieren procesos subyacentes del manto superior que influyen en la litosfera oceánica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la causa de las características geofísicas anómalas de la superonda de la Polinesia Francesa.
- Comprender el papel de las propiedades del manto superior y las fuentes de calor en la configuración de esta región única del fondo marino.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos geofísicos (batimetría, gravedad, velocidad sísmica).
- Interpretación de isocrones magnéticos para la determinación de la edad litosférica.
- Análisis geoquímico de lavas volcánicas para inferir la composición del manto.
Principales resultados:
- El Superswell se caracteriza por un exceso de calor y una viscosidad del manto superior extremadamente baja, lo que resulta en una litosfera delgada.
- Esta región representa el 30% del flujo de calor total de los puntos calientes de la Tierra, a pesar de cubrir solo el 3% de la superficie.
- Una firma geoquímica sugiere una fuente de calor potencial de un depósito del manto enriquecido en isótopos radiactivos.
Conclusiones:
- El exceso de calor y la baja viscosidad del manto son los principales impulsores de las propiedades anómalas del Superswell.
- La zona de baja viscosidad puede promover el movimiento rápido de las placas y la convección a pequeña escala.
- Los depósitos de manto enriquecidos son una explicación plausible para el presupuesto de calor observado y las firmas geoquímicas.
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