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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
Published on: April 19, 2019
Carbinas en meteoritos: detección, origen a baja temperatura e implicaciones para las moléculas interestelares
Resumen
El carbono del meteorito Allende es carbino, no grafito. Este carbono con triple enlace se forma a bajas temperaturas a través de la catálisis, lo que lo sugiere.
Área de la Ciencia:
- * Cosmoquímica y ciencias de los materiales, con énfasis en los carbonos alotrópicos.
Sus antecedentes:
- * Los meteoritos carbonosos contienen estructuras únicas de carbono.
- * Anteriormente se pensaba que el carbino, una forma de carbono elemental con enlaces triples, sólo se formaba en condiciones extremas (alta temperatura o presión).
Objetivo del estudio:
- * Para identificar el alótropo específico del carbono presente en el meteorito de Allende.
- * Investigar nuevas vías de formación de baja temperatura para el carbino.
Principales métodos:
- * Análisis térmico de muestras de carbono del meteorito de Allende (calentamiento entre 250 y 330°C).
- * Análisis de los productos de reacción, incluidos los fragmentos de carbono con triple enlace y los cianopolyacetilenos.
- * Investigación experimental de la formación de carbino a través de la reacción catalítica del monóxido de carbono (CO) a 300-400°C utilizando un catalizador de cromita.
Principales resultados:
- * El calentamiento del carbono del meteorito de Allende liberó fragmentos triplemente unidos, confirmando su naturaleza de carbino.
- * El carbino fue sintetizado metastabilmente a bajas temperaturas (300-400°C) a través de una reacción catalítica: 2CO → CO2 + C.
- * La formación de carbino a través de la catálisis superficial se propone como una fuente significativa en entornos terrestres, meteoríticos e interestelares.
Conclusiones:
- * El carbono en el meteorito de Allende se identifica como carbyne.
- * Las reacciones superficiales catalíticas a baja temperatura proporcionan un mecanismo plausible para la formación de carbino, desafiando los requisitos previos de alta energía.
- * Este descubrimiento tiene implicaciones para la comprensión del origen y la abundancia de carbino y compuestos relacionados en el espacio y en la Tierra.
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