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¿Cómo gira la lengua el sapo? Prueba de dos hipótesis
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 18, 1982
Resumen
La proyección de la lengua de la rana implica músculos intrínsecos endurecidos que forman varillas que giran sobre la sínfisis, impulsando la lengua. Este mecanismo, similar a una balista muscular, desmiente la hipótesis del momento hyoideo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La biomecánica es la biomecánica.
- Zoología Zoología Zoología.
- La anatomía de los vertebrados.
Sus antecedentes:
- Se debate el mecanismo de cambio lingüístico en las ranas.
- Existen dos hipótesis: el endurecimiento intrínseco del músculo y la transferencia de impulso del hueso hioides.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar el mecanismo biomecánico de la vuelta lingüística de la rana.
- Para diferenciar entre el endurecimiento muscular intrínseco y las hipótesis del momento hyoideo.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó cinematografía de alta velocidad para capturar el movimiento de la lengua.
- La electromiografía sincronizada registró la actividad muscular durante la proyección de la lengua.
- Los experimentos incluyeron inmovilizar el hueso hioides para probar su papel.
Principales resultados:
- La lengua gira sobre la sínfisis a través de los músculos intrínsecos endurecidos que forman varillas.
- El flip lingual ocurre incluso cuando el hueso hioides está inmovilizado.
- La propulsión se logra mediante la fijación de las fibras musculares en los tejidos conectivos, formando varillas rígidas.
Conclusiones:
- La hipótesis del endurecimiento muscular intrínseco describe con precisión la proyección de la lengua de la rana.
- La hipótesis del momento hyoideo es invalidada por pruebas experimentales.
- La lengua funciona como un ballista muscular, utilizando complejos músculo-vara endurecidos para una rápida proyección.
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