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La abundancia de elementos pesados en el gas interestelar
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 8, 1994
Resumen
Las abundancias de gases interestelares de elementos pesados como el plomo se midieron utilizando el Telescopio Espacial Hubble. Estos hallazgos revelan interacciones químicas complejas con el polvo interestelar, que difieren de las composiciones tempranas del sistema solar.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La astronomía y la astrofísica.
- Cosmoquímica es la cosmoquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El espectrógrafo de alta resolución Goddard del Telescopio Espacial Hubble permite la medición precisa de la composición del gas interestelar.
- Las observaciones anteriores se centraron en los elementos más ligeros, dejando el origen y el comportamiento de los elementos más pesados menos entendidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para medir las abundancias interestelares de elementos pesados (Ga, Ge, As, Kr, Sn, Tl, Pb).
- Investigar los orígenes nucleosintéticos de estos elementos pesados (proceso s- y r).
- Para comparar las abundancias actuales de elementos pesados interestelares con las presentes durante la formación del sistema solar.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el espectrógrafo de alta resolución Goddard en el telescopio espacial Hubble.
- Se analizaron datos espectrales para determinar la abundancia de elementos pesados específicos en el gas interestelar.
Principales resultados:
- Se midieron las abundancias interestelares de galio, germanio, arsénico, criptón, estaño, talio y plomo.
- Demostró que la composición del polvo interestelar está influenciada por la química del medio interestelar, no sólo por la condensación.
- Indicó posibles discrepancias entre las abundancias galácticas actuales y las que se encuentran en el sistema solar temprano.
Conclusiones:
- La abundancia de elementos pesados en el gas interestelar proporciona información sobre la nucleosíntesis estelar (procesos s y r).
- La formación y composición del polvo interestelar están significativamente moldeadas por las interacciones químicas dentro del medio interestelar.
- Las abundancias actuales de elementos pesados galácticos pueden diferir de las incorporadas al sistema solar hace 4.600 millones de años.
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