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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
06:53

Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: June 9, 2023

Localización de electrones en cuasicristales metálicos.

F S Pierce, S J Poon, Q Guo

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |August 6, 1993
    PubMed
    Resumen

    Las aleaciones cuasicristalinas de aluminio-paladio-renio de alta calidad muestran una resistencia eléctrica extremadamente alta, comportándose como aislantes a bajas temperaturas, a diferencia de los metales típicos. Esto sugiere propiedades electrónicas únicas en estos sistemas metálicos ordenados.

    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
    • Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada
    • Química del estado sólido.

    Sus antecedentes:

    • Las aleaciones cuasicristalinas, como el aluminio-palladio-renio (Al-Pd-Re), poseen estructuras atómicas únicas.
    • Comprender las propiedades electrónicas de estos materiales es crucial para las aplicaciones potenciales.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Para investigar la resistividad eléctrica a baja temperatura de las aleaciones de Al-Pd-Re icosaédricas-cuasicristalinas a granel.
    • Para determinar si estas aleaciones exhiben un comportamiento aislante a bajas temperaturas.

    Principales métodos:

    • Síntesis de aleaciones de Al-Pd-Re de alta calidad y térmicamente estables a granel, casi cristalinas.
    • Medición de la resistividad eléctrica a baja temperatura.

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  • Análisis de la densidad de electrones y comparación con modelos teóricos.

    • Principales resultados:

    • Las resistividades eléctricas observadas son cuatro órdenes de magnitud más altas que las de los metales desordenados y los vidrios metálicos.
    • Pruebas experimentales que sugieren la densidad de electrones semimetálicos.
    • Indicación del comportamiento aislante a bajas temperaturas.

    Conclusiones:

    • Las aleaciones cuasicristalinas Al-Pd-Re demuestran una conductividad significativamente reducida a bajas temperaturas.
    • Los hallazgos apoyan las teorías de la localización de electrones y la formación de bandas espaciadas en sistemas metálicos ordenados.
    • Estos materiales representan una clase única de aislantes semimetálicos.