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Published on: August 17, 2018
Presiones de vapor de hidratos sólidos de ácido nítrico: implicaciones para las nubes estratosféricas polares
Resumen
Los hidratos de ácido nítrico se forman en las nubes estratosféricas polares, con el HNO(3).2H(2)O potencialmente favorecido sobre el HNO(3).3H(2)O. Este comportamiento de hidrato influye en la sedimentación de ácido nítrico y el agotamiento del ozono polar.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química de la atmósfera La química de la atmósfera
- Termodinámica Química es la Termodinámica Química.
- Ciencias Polares Ciencias Polares.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las nubes estratosféricas polares (PSC) juegan un papel crítico en el agotamiento del ozono polar.
- El ácido nítrico (HNO3) es un componente clave que influye en la formación y la química de las PSC.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para presentar datos termodinámicos para los hidratos de ácido nítrico.
- Investigar la formación y la estabilidad de los hidratos de ácido nítrico en las PSC.
- Comprender el papel de la sedimentación de hidrato de ácido nítrico en el agotamiento del ozono polar.
Principales métodos:
- Determinación en laboratorio de los datos termodinámicos de los hidratos de ácido nítrico.
- Análisis de las observaciones atmosféricas relacionadas con la composición del PSC.
Principales resultados:
- Se obtuvieron datos termodinámicos para HNO(3).H(2)O, HNO(3).2H(2)O, HNO(3).3H(2)O, y un hidrato más alto.
- Los datos de laboratorio sugieren que en las PSC puede favorecerse el HNO3 H2O sobre el HNO3 H2O.
- Las observaciones atmosféricas son consistentes con las PSCs compuestas por HNO(3).2H(2) O y HNO(3).3H(2) O.
Conclusiones:
- La nucleación y la persistencia de HNO(3).2H(2)O metastable son favorecidas en las PSC.
- La transferencia de vapor entre HNO3 y HNO3 es un paso crítico en la sedimentación de HNO3.
- Comprender estas dinámicas de hidratos es crucial para comprender los mecanismos de agotamiento del ozono polar.
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