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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers

Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...

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Aphelion clustering of "new" comets: Star tracks through Oort's cloud.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·1983
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Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

El primer polímero en el espacio fue identificado en el cometa Halley.

W F Huebner

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |August 7, 1987
    PubMed
    Resumen

    Se identificaron cadenas cortas de polímeros de polioximetileno como la fuente del espectro de masas de iones pesados en el coma interno del cometa Halley. Estos hallazgos se alinean con las observaciones inesperadas de coma, ofreciendo nuevos conocimientos sobre la composición cometaria.

    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Ciencia de los Cometas Ciencia de los Cometas
    • La astroquímica es astroquímica.
    • Física del espacio Física del espacio

    Sus antecedentes:

    • El coma interno de los cometas es una región compleja que contiene varias especies químicas.
    • Las observaciones anteriores del coma del cometa Halley revelaron firmas químicas inesperadas.
    • La comprensión de la composición cometaria es crucial para descifrar el sistema solar temprano.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Para analizar el espectro de masas de iones pesados del coma interno del cometa Halley.
    • Para identificar la fuente molecular de los datos espectrales observados.
    • Para conciliar los hallazgos espectrales con el conocimiento existente de los entornos cometarios.

    Principales métodos:

    • Análisis de los datos de la espectrometría de masas de iones pesados.

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  • Utilizó datos del instrumento PICCA a bordo de la nave espacial Giotto.
  • Comparación de picos espectrales con propiedades moleculares conocidas.

    • Principales resultados:

    • Se identificaron cadenas cortas de polímero de polioximetileno como la fuente del espectro.
    • Se observaron seis picos de masa distintos que van desde aproximadamente 45 a 120 unidades de masa atómica.
    • Las propiedades del polioximetileno son consistentes con las observaciones de coma previamente inesperadas.

    Conclusiones:

    • El polioximetileno es un componente importante en el coma interno del cometa Halley.
    • La presencia de polioximetileno ayuda a explicar las observaciones anómalas en el coma cometario.
    • Este descubrimiento proporciona una nueva perspectiva sobre la complejidad química de los cometas.