Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 12, 2026
07:58
Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt
Published on: August 7, 2017
Las emisiones de gases y las erupciones del Monte St. Helens hasta 1982
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 30, 1983
Resumen
El monitoreo del Monte St. Helens.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Vulcanología y geoquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El Monte St. Helens tiene emisiones continuas de gases.
- La composición de los gases volcánicos y las tasas de emisión proporcionan información sobre los procesos magmáticos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las emisiones de gases del Monte St. Helens.
- Para comprender los procesos magmáticos y predecir la actividad volcánica.
Principales métodos:
- Medidas diarias en el aire del dióxido de azufre en el penacho volcánico.
- Muestreo mensual de gases de las fumarolas del cráter.
Principales resultados:
- La composición del gas fumarolico cambió: el agua aumentó (90-98%), el dióxido de carbono disminuyó (10-1%).
- Las tasas de emisión de dióxido de azufre y dióxido de carbono alcanzaron su punto máximo a mediados de 1980, luego disminuyeron y se estabilizaron.
- Los datos de gas predijeron con éxito erupciones en agosto de 1980 y junio de 1981.
Conclusiones:
- Los patrones de gas observados sugieren una desgasificación constante de un solo lote de magma desde mediados de 1980.
- No se ha producido ningún nuevo flujo de magma significativo desde mediados de 1980.
- El monitoreo de gases es una herramienta valiosa para la predicción de erupciones en el Monte St. Helens.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:22The Sulfur Cycle
Sulfur, an important element in the chemical makeup of proteins, is recycled through the atmosphere and aquatic and terrestrial environments. Found in the atmosphere as sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur is released by decaying organisms, weathered rocks, geothermal vents, volcanos, and burning fossil fuels. It is deposited into the ecosystem, cycled through the biotic community, and either released back into the atmosphere as gas or deposited in marine sediment for long-term storage and eventual...
02:41Constant Volume Calorimetry
Calorimeters are useful to determine the heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction. Coffee cup calorimeters are designed to operate at constant (atmospheric) pressure and are convenient to measure heat flow (or enthalpy change) accompanying processes that occur in solution at constant pressure. A different type of calorimeter that operates at constant volume, colloquially known as a bomb calorimeter, is used to measure the energy produced by reactions that yield large amounts of heat and...
03:40Hess's Law
There are two ways to determine the amount of heat involved in a chemical change: measure it experimentally, or calculate it from other experimentally determined enthalpy changes. Some reactions are difficult, if not impossible, to investigate and make accurate measurements for experimentally. And even when a reaction is not hard to perform or measure, it is convenient to be able to determine the heat involved in a reaction without having to perform an experiment.
01:14The Carbon Cycle
Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
01:50Global Climate Change
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
01:29Microbes and the Sulfur Cycle
Sulfur is a vital element in Earth's biogeochemical systems. It transitions through various inorganic states, including sulfate (SO₄²⁻), elemental sulfur (S⁰), and sulfide (S²⁻). Abiotic and biological mechanisms across oxic and anoxic environments intricately mediate these transformations. Sulfate, the most oxidized form of sulfur, is predominantly stored in rocks, marine sediments, and oceanic waters, acting as a long-term reservoir in the global sulfur cycle.In oxic environments,...