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Terremotos profundos debajo del Monte St. Helens: ¿evidencia de transporte de gas magmático?
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 30, 1983
Resumen
Los terremotos profundos bajo el Monte St. Helens 40 días antes de la erupción de 1982 indican que un sistema volcánico más grande estaba activo. Esto sugiere que la liberación de gas magmático de un depósito profundo alimentó el evento explosivo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Volcanología Volcanología.
- Sismología Sismología Sismología.
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El Monte St. Helens experimentó actividad sísmica pre-eruptiva antes de la erupción del 20 de marzo de 1982.
- Los eventos sísmicos anteriores fueron típicamente poco profundos, ocurriendo a profundidades inferiores a 3 kilómetros.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar la profundidad y las características de los terremotos preeruptivos que precedieron a la erupción del Monte St. Helens en 1982.
- Comprender las implicaciones de los eventos sísmicos profundos en la actividad del sistema volcánico y la dinámica de las erupciones.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos sísmicos registrados antes de la erupción del 20 de marzo de 1982.
- Comparación de las profundidades de los terremotos con las de las erupciones anteriores de construcción de cúpulas.
Principales resultados:
- Los terremotos de pequeña magnitud comenzaron 40 días antes de la erupción de 1982.
- Una parte significativa de estos terremotos fueron profundos, ocurriendo entre 5 y 11 kilómetros.
- La profundidad de estos eventos sugiere un mayor volumen afectado del sistema volcánico en comparación con las erupciones anteriores.
Conclusiones:
- La actividad sísmica profunda indica una participación más extensa del sistema volcánico antes de la erupción de 1982.
- El momento y la profundidad de los terremotos son consistentes con la migración ascendente de gas magmático de un depósito profundo, lo que impulsa la erupción.
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