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Evidencia geomórfica de la distribución del hielo subterráneo en Marte
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 17, 1986
Resumen
El hielo subterráneo en Marte no está distribuido de manera uniforme, siendo escaso en el ecuador y abundante en latitudes más altas. Esto sugiere que el hielo ha migrado hacia los polos sobre la historia marciana debido a la sublimación y la difusión.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- Astrobiología Astrobiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las características topográficas en Marte sugieren procesos geológicos.
- Los materiales cercanos a la superficie pueden contener cantidades significativas de hielo subterráneo.
- La distribución del hielo subterráneo marciano es crucial para comprender la evolución planetaria y la habitabilidad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la evidencia de relajación cuasi viscosa de la topografía marciana.
- Para determinar la distribución global y las características del hielo subterráneo en Marte.
- Comprender los procesos que rigen la redistribución del hielo a lo largo de la historia marciana.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de imágenes de alta resolución tomadas por el orbitador Viking.
- Interpretación de datos topográficos para inferir relajación cuasi viscosa.
- Modelado de la deformación de arrastre en materiales cercanos a la superficie.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó evidencia de relajación cuasi viscosa de la topografía.
- La distribución del hielo subterráneo muestra una fuerte dependencia latitudinal, siendo pobre en hielo en el ecuador y rico en hielo hacia los polos de +/- 30 grados de latitud.
- Los estilos de deformación de creep varían con la latitud, posiblemente debido a la reología del hielo dependiente de la temperatura.
Conclusiones:
- La relajación de la topografía marciana está influenciada por el hielo subterráneo.
- Existen importantes reservas de hielo subterráneo en las latitudes marcianas más altas.
- La sublimación y la difusión en latitudes más bajas han impulsado un transporte neto de hielo hacia los polos a lo largo de la historia marciana.
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