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Mineralización biogeológica en depósitos hidrotermales de aguas profundas
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 31, 1995
Resumen
Los tubos de gusanos fosilizados en los respiraderos hidrotermales de aguas profundas revelan que la actividad biológica temprana influye profundamente en la formación de depósitos de humo negro. Estos procesos biogeológicos son comunes en los sistemas hidrotermales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Geología marina Geología marina.
- Biogeología Biogeología Biogeología.
- Los ecosistemas de las salidas hidrotermales.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los edificios masivos de sulfuro activos son formaciones geológicas clave en los sistemas hidrotermales de aguas profundas.
- Las fuentes hidrotermales albergan ecosistemas únicos con fauna especializada, incluidos los gusanos de tubo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de las estructuras biológicas en la evolución petrológica de depósitos masivos de sulfuro.
- Para determinar si las texturas mediadas por gusanos influyen en la precipitación inorgánica y el crecimiento de los depósitos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de núcleos de perforación orientados desde el segmento Endeavour, cordillera Juan de Fuca.
- Examen petrológico de estructuras tubulares fosilizadas y depósitos minerales circundantes.
Principales resultados:
- Se encontraron abundantes estructuras tubulares fosilizadas, vinculadas a gusanos vestimentiferos y anelidos, dentro de enormes edificaciones de sulfuro.
- Se observó que las texturas mediadas por gusanos impactan directamente en la posterior precipitación inorgánica, el relleno de la pared y el crecimiento hacia el exterior de los depósitos de humo negro.
- Se encontraron estructuras fosilizadas similares en sitios hidrotermales a 2 km de distancia, lo que indica una influencia biogeológica generalizada.
Conclusiones:
- La actividad biológica, específicamente por gusanos, juega un papel crucial en la configuración del desarrollo de depósitos de sulfuro hidrotermales.
- Los procesos biogeológicos observados son probablemente fenómenos generales tanto en los sistemas hidrotermales modernos como en los antiguos.
- Comprender estos procesos es vital para interpretar la historia geológica y la formación de depósitos minerales de aguas profundas.
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