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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
Challenges of the Maxam-Gilbert Method
The...
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics
09:40

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

Published on: January 25, 2019

GENÓMICA: Construyendo un caso para la secuenciación del chimpancé.

A Gibbons

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |September 5, 2007
    PubMed
    Resumen

    La secuenciación del genoma del chimpancé es una prioridad para los genetistas, antropólogos y evolucionistas moleculares. Esta investigación es crucial para comprender la evolución humana y la genómica comparada.

    Área de la Ciencia:

    • La genómica es la genómica.
    • Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
    • La primatología es la primatología.

    Sus antecedentes:

    • La secuenciación del genoma se ha completado para humanos, ratones y ratas.
    • Comprender la base genética de la evolución de los primates requiere más datos genómicos.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Abogar por dar prioridad a la secuenciación del genoma del chimpancé.
    • Para resaltar la importancia del genoma del chimpancé en los estudios evolutivos.

    Principales métodos:

    • El estudio es una carta a la revista Science, que presenta un punto de vista de consenso.
    • En ella participan genetistas, antropólogos y evolucionistas moleculares.

    Principales resultados:

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  • Se hace una fuerte recomendación para dar prioridad a la secuenciación del genoma del chimpancé.
  • Esta recomendación se basa en la experiencia de la comunidad científica.

    • Conclusiones:

    • La secuenciación del genoma del chimpancé es esencial para avanzar en nuestra comprensión de la evolución de los primates y la humana.
    • La genómica comparativa con los chimpancés proporcionará información clave sobre la ascendencia compartida y las diferencias genéticas.