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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Elements: Chemical Symbols and Isotopes02:31

Elements: Chemical Symbols and Isotopes

A chemical symbol is an abbreviation used to indicate an element or an atom of an element. For example, the symbol for mercury is Hg. The same symbol is used to indicate one atom of mercury (microscopic domain) or to label a container of many atoms of the element mercury (macroscopic domain).
Some symbols are derived from the common English name of the element; others are abbreviations of the name in another language — Latin, Greek or German. For example, the symbol for aluminum (common name)...
The Periodic Table03:25

The Periodic Table

As early chemists discovered more elements, they realized that various elements could be grouped by their similar chemical behaviors. One such grouping includes lithium (Li), sodium (Na), and potassium (K). All of these elements are shiny, conduct heat and electricity well, and have similar chemical properties. A second grouping includes calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), which also are shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, and have chemical properties in common. However,...
Periodic Classification of the Elements04:00

Periodic Classification of the Elements

The periodic table arranges atoms based on increasing atomic number so that elements with the same chemical properties recur periodically. When their electron configurations are added to the table, a periodic recurrence of similar electron configurations in the outer shells of these elements is observed. Because they are in the outer shells of an atom, valence electrons play the most important role in chemical reactions. The outer electrons have the highest energy of the electrons in an atom...
Atomic Radii and Effective Nuclear Charge03:08

Atomic Radii and Effective Nuclear Charge

The elements in groups of the periodic table exhibit similar chemical behavior. This similarity occurs because the members of a group have the same number and distribution of electrons in their valence shells.
Chemical Symbols01:09

Chemical Symbols

A chemical symbol is an abbreviation that is used to indicate an element or an atom of an element. For example, the symbol for mercury is Hg. We use the same symbol to indicate one atom of mercury (microscopic domain) or to label a container of many atoms of the element mercury (macroscopic domain).
Some symbols are derived from the common name of the element; others are abbreviations of the name in another language. Most symbols have one or two letters, but three-letter symbols have been used...
Atomic Number and Mass Number01:12

Atomic Number and Mass Number

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is its atomic number (Z). This is the defining trait of an element. Its value determines the identity of the atom. For example, any atom that contains six protons is the element carbon and has the atomic number 6, regardless of how many neutrons or electrons it may have. A neutral atom must contain the same number of positive and negative charges, so the number of protons equals the number of electrons. This means that the atomic number also...

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Synthesis of Nine-atom Deltahedral Zintl Ions of Germanium and their Functionalization with Organic Groups
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Synthesis of Nine-atom Deltahedral Zintl Ions of Germanium and their Functionalization with Organic Groups

Published on: February 11, 2012

CHÍMICA NUCLEAR: El elemento 107 deja la tabla sin dar vuelta.

R F Service

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |September 5, 2007
    PubMed
    Resumen

    Los químicos analizaron el bóhrio (elemento 107), encontrando que sus propiedades químicas se alinean con las predicciones teóricas. Este descubrimiento confirma los modelos actuales, pero retrasa la búsqueda de comportamientos inesperados en los elementos superpesados.

    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Química Nuclear La Química Nuclear es el campo de la química nuclear.
    • Física atómica es la física atómica.
    • Elementos súper pesados Elementos súper pesados

    Sus antecedentes:

    • Los elementos súper pesados (SHEs) son elementos sintetizados con números atómicos mayores a 104.
    • Investigar SHEs proporciona información sobre la estructura nuclear y los límites de la tabla periódica.
    • El bóhrio (Bh, elemento 107) es un elemento transuránico cuyas propiedades químicas han permanecido en gran medida sin caracterizar debido a los desafíos experimentales.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Para llevar a cabo el primer análisis químico exitoso de bóhrio (elemento 107).
    • Para determinar experimentalmente las propiedades químicas del bóhrio.
    • Para comparar los hallazgos experimentales con las predicciones teóricas para bohrium.

    Principales métodos:

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    • Utilizó técnicas avanzadas de química atómica a la vez.
    • Se emplean cromatografía en fase gaseosa y cromatografía de intercambio iónico.
    • Analizó las cadenas de descomposición y los rayos X característicos para identificar los átomos de bohrio y sus interacciones químicas.

    Principales resultados:

    • Las propiedades químicas del bóhrio fueron analizadas con éxito por primera vez.
    • Los resultados experimentales para el comportamiento químico del bóhrio coincidían estrechamente con las predicciones teóricas.
    • No se observaron desviaciones significativas de las teorías nucleares y químicas establecidas para el elemento 107.

    Conclusiones:

    • Las propiedades químicas del bóhrio son consistentes con los modelos teóricos.
    • Los hallazgos apoyan la comprensión actual de la estructura atómica y la periodicidad química en la región de los elementos superpesados.
    • Puede ser necesaria una mayor investigación sobre los elementos más pesados para descubrir desviaciones de las predicciones teóricas.