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Detección de vapor de agua en el cometa Halley
Resumen
Se detectó agua gaseosa (H2O) en el cometa Halley.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de la ciencia de los cometas.
- La astroquímica es astroquímica.
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los cometas son cuerpos helados que pueden proporcionar información sobre el sistema solar temprano.
- El agua es un componente clave de los cometas y crucial para comprender su composición y evolución.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para detectar y cuantificar el agua gaseosa (H2O) en el coma del cometa Halley.
- Analizar las propiedades espectrales del agua cometaria para inferir su origen y condiciones físicas.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un espectrómetro de transformación de Fourier en el Observatorio Aerotransportado NASA-Kuiper.
- Se observaron nueve líneas espectrales de la banda v(3) de H2O a 2,65 micrómetros.
- Se analizaron las intensidades de las líneas espectrales para determinar las poblaciones de rotación y las condiciones de excitación.
Principales resultados:
- H2O neutro y gaseoso detectado en el coma del cometa Halley el 22.1 y 24.1 de diciembre de 1985.
- Las tasas de producción de agua medidas fueron de aproximadamente 6 x 10^28 moléculas/seg y 1.7 x 10^29 moléculas/seg.
- Se determinó una relación de orto-para de 2,66±0,13, lo que corresponde a una temperatura de espín nuclear de 32 K (+5 K, -2 K).
Conclusiones:
- Los datos espectrales observados se alinean con los modelos cometarios de equilibrio no térmico.
- La baja temperatura de espín nuclear derivada sugiere que el vapor de agua se originó en hielo de baja temperatura.
- Proporciona datos cruciales para la comprensión de la composición cometaria y las condiciones del sistema solar temprano.
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