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La erupción volcánica del Monte St. Helens del 18 de mayo de 1980: grandes efectos a corto plazo en la temperatura de
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 7, 1982
Resumen
La erupción del Monte St. Helens enfrió inicialmente las temperaturas superficiales en 8 ° C debido a su penacho. El polvo volcánico más tarde causó un calentamiento de hasta 8 ° C, lo que resultó en un efecto de calentamiento local neto.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Volcanología Volcanología.
- Ciencias de la atmósfera Ciencias atmosféricas.
- Climatología y climatología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La erupción del Monte St. Helens en 1980 liberó material volcánico significativo en la atmósfera.
- Comprender los impactos inmediatos de la temperatura de la superficie de las erupciones volcánicas es crucial para los estudios atmosféricos y climáticos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para examinar los efectos a corto plazo (24 horas) de la temperatura de la superficie después de la erupción del 18 de mayo de 1980 del Monte St. Helens.
- Para cuantificar la supresión y mejora de la temperatura causada por el penacho y el polvo volcánico.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las diferencias de temperatura de 24 horas y los errores de las estadísticas de salida del modelo (MOS).
- Evolución temporal detallada de la temperatura de la superficie en estaciones seleccionadas.
Principales resultados:
- Las temperaturas diurnas fueron suprimidas hasta en 8°C debido al penacho volcánico.
- Las temperaturas nocturnas aumentaron hasta 8°C debido al polvo volcánico de bajo nivel.
- Estos efectos de temperatura disminuyeron rápidamente a medida que la nube de polvo se disipaba y se movía hacia el este.
Conclusiones:
- El efecto neto de la temperatura de la superficie local de la erupción fue calentamiento.
- Esto contrasta con los efectos de enfriamiento a largo plazo esperados de las grandes erupciones volcánicas a escala climática.
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