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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Geoid and Ellipsoid01:28

Geoid and Ellipsoid

The Earth's shape is best described as an ellipsoid, a slightly flattened sphere created by rotating an ellipse around its minor axis. This flattening results in the polar axis being about 21 kilometers shorter than the equatorial axis. In contrast, the geoid represents the Earth's gravitational shape and aligns with the mean sea level (MSL). The geoid is an irregular equipotential surface where gravity is perpendicular at every point. Variations in Earth's mass distribution cause geoid...
Tidal Forces01:06

Tidal Forces

The origin of Earth's ocean tides has been a subject of continuous investigation for over 2000 years. However, the work of Newton is considered to be the beginning of the proper understanding of the phenomenon. Ocean tides are the result of gravitational tidal forces. These same tidal forces are present in any astronomical body; they are responsible for the internal heat that creates the volcanic activity on Io, one of Jupiter's moons, and the breakup of stars that get too close to black holes.
Variation in Acceleration due to Gravity near the Earth's Surface01:20

Variation in Acceleration due to Gravity near the Earth's Surface

An object's apparent weight is its weight measured by a spring balance at its location. It is different from its true weight, the force with which the Earth pulls it, because of the Earth's rotation. Mathematically, an object's apparent weight equals its true weight minus the centripetal force that keeps it in a circular motion along with the Earth's surface every 24 hours.
The difference between the true and apparent weights is proportional to the square of the Earth's angular speed. Since the...
Apparent Weight and the Earth's Rotation01:28

Apparent Weight and the Earth's Rotation

Since all objects on the Earth's surface move through a circle every 24 hours, there must be a net centripetal force on each object, directed towards the center of that circle. The points of the north and south poles are the only exception to this rule.
For an object on the Earth's equator, the net centripetal force that accounts for its rotation is the Earth's pull towards its center, or the weight minus the normal force that prevents it from piercing into the Earth's surface. This force,...
Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling01:26

Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling

During leveling, the Earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction introduce deviations in the line of sight from a true horizontal reference. When the line of sight is leveled, it remains perpendicular to the plumb line only at a single point. Beyond this, it deviates due to the Earth’s curvature, represented by the correction C. For a sight distance D, the deviation can be derived using the relationship:This relationship shows that the deviation increases quadratically with distance. Over a...
Gyroscope: Precession01:24

Gyroscope: Precession

Precession can be demonstrated effectively through a spinning top. If a spinning top is placed on a flat surface near the surface of the Earth at a vertical angle and is not spinning, it will fall over due to the force of gravity producing a torque acting on its center of mass. However, if the top is spinning on its axis, it precesses about the vertical direction, rather than topple over due to this torque. Precessional motion is a combination of a steady circular motion of the axis and the...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Chlorophyll and Major Features of the South China Sea with Satellite Information
10:28

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Published on: June 13, 2020

El nivel global del mar y la rotación de la Tierra.

W R Peltier

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |May 13, 1988
    PubMed
    Resumen

    El nivel global del mar está subiendo más de 1 milímetro por año. Nuevos datos sugieren que este aumento puede explicarse por el derretimiento de las capas de hielo y los glaciares, particularmente si el Mar de Barents estaba cubierto de hielo hace 18.000 años.

    Área de la Ciencia:

    • La geofísica es la geofísica.
    • Glaciología glaciología.
    • Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.

    Sus antecedentes:

    • Los datos del medidor de mareas indican un aumento global del nivel del mar de más de 1 milímetro por año.
    • El componente no estelar del aumento del nivel del mar puede atribuirse a la pérdida de masa de los glaciares y las capas de hielo.
    • Comprender la dinámica de las capas de hielo es crucial para predecir futuros cambios en el nivel del mar.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Para investigar la plausibilidad de la pérdida de masa de hielo en curso como un conductor del aumento observado del nivel del mar.
    • Para utilizar datos geodésicos satelitales para restringir los modelos de comportamiento de la capa de hielo.

    Principales métodos:

    • Análisis de las variaciones seculares a largo plazo en el nivel del mar utilizando observaciones de mareómetro.

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  • Aplicación de datos de satélite de alcance láser (SLR) y interferometría de línea de base muy larga (VLBI).
  • Correlación de los datos geodésicos (longitud del día, movimiento polar) con los escenarios de balance de masa de hielo.

    • Principales resultados:

    • El nivel del mar está aumentando a una tasa mayor de 1 milímetro por año en todo el mundo.
    • Los datos geodésicos satelitales proporcionan restricciones a la hipótesis de pérdida de masa de hielo.
    • La hipótesis de pérdida de masa es plausible si el Mar de Barents albergaba una capa de hielo significativa durante el último máximo glacial.

    Conclusiones:

    • La pérdida de masa en curso de las capas de hielo y glaciares del mundo es una explicación plausible para el aumento del nivel del mar observado.
    • Las mediciones geodésicas por satélite ofrecen información crítica sobre la dinámica de las capas de hielo y su contribución al cambio del nivel del mar.
    • La reconstrucción de la extensión pasada de la capa de hielo, como en el Mar de Barents, es vital para validar los modelos actuales de clima y nivel del mar.