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Mitos y realidades de la competitividad de EE.UU
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 8, 1991
Resumen
La competitividad económica de EE.UU. no tiene que ver únicamente con déficits comerciales o productividad rezagada. El verdadero problema es cómo la competencia internacional da forma a la mezcla de productos de los Estados Unidos, con potencial para la intervención del gobierno en industrias específicas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Economía La economía es la economía.
- El comercio internacional es el comercio internacional.
- La política industrial La política industrial La política industrial La política industrial La política industrial La política industrial La política industrial La política industrial
Sus antecedentes:
- El discurso actual sobre la competitividad de Estados Unidos a menudo se centra en los déficits comerciales y los temores de declive económico debido a la baja productividad.
- Esta perspectiva pasa por alto los mecanismos económicos inherentes que mantienen la viabilidad de EE.UU. y la balanza comercial aproximada.
- La principal preocupación es el impacto de la competencia global en la composición de la producción estadounidense.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reformular la discusión sobre la competitividad económica de EE.UU..
- Analizar el impacto real de la competencia internacional en la economía de los Estados Unidos.
- Explorar el papel de la productividad y la intervención gubernamental en industrias específicas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis conceptual de la competitividad económica.
- Examen de la relación entre la productividad, la competencia internacional y la balanza comercial.
- Discusión de las implicaciones de la política industrial.
Principales resultados:
- Las fuerzas económicas automáticas aseguran la estabilidad económica de los EE.UU. y cerca de la balanza comercial, independientemente del rendimiento de la productividad.
- La competencia internacional influye significativamente en la mezcla de productos de los Estados Unidos.
- La alta productividad puede ser tanto una causa como un efecto de la competitividad internacional.
Conclusiones:
- El enfoque en los déficits comerciales y la productividad rezagada como amenazas primarias para la competitividad de los Estados Unidos está fuera de lugar.
- El desafío crítico radica en la gestión de los efectos de la competencia internacional en la estructura industrial de los Estados Unidos.
- La intervención del gobierno para fomentar la ventaja en ciertas industrias es una estrategia viable, aunque políticamente sensible.
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