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Imagen televisiva de una gran descarga eléctrica ascendente por encima de un sistema de tormenta eléctrica
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 6, 1990
Resumen
Inusuales descargas eléctricas ascendentes de las nubes tormentosas fueron capturadas por la cámara. Estos eventos, que se extienden en lo alto de la atmósfera, pueden explicar las observaciones de rayos inexplicables e impactar en la ionosfera.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física de la atmósfera física de la atmósfera.
- Fenómenos eléctricos en las tormentas eléctricas
- La seguridad en el sector aeroespacial.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las tormentas eléctricas generan poderosos fenómenos eléctricos.
- Se han observado eventos luminosos inexplicables durante relámpagos distantes.
- Las observaciones anteriores carecían de imágenes detalladas de las descargas ascendentes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para obtener imágenes y analizar una inusual descarga eléctrica luminosa que se origina en las nubes de tormentas eléctricas.
- Investigar las características y las posibles causas de estas descargas a gran altitud.
- Explorar las implicaciones de tales eventos para la ciencia atmosférica y la seguridad de la aviación.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó una cámara de televisión de bajo nivel de luz para capturar el evento.
- Se registró una inusual descarga eléctrica luminosa sobre una tormenta eléctrica a 250 km de distancia.
- Analizó la altitud, la duración y la morfología de la descarga.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó una descarga que se extendía 20 km por encima de las nubes (14 km de altitud).
- El evento, que duró menos de 30 milisegundos, se asemejó a dos chorros o fuentes.
- Probablemente causado por concentraciones de carga localizadas en las cimas de las nubes.
Conclusiones:
- Las descargas eléctricas ascendentes pueden explicar las observaciones fotométricas inexplicables de rayos lejanos.
- Estos eventos plantean peligros potenciales para las aeronaves y el lanzamiento de cohetes.
- Las descargas que penetran en la ionosfera pueden iniciar efectos magnetosféricos como las ondas de silbido.
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