Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 12, 2026
07:51
Method for Recording Broadband High Resolution Emission Spectra of Laboratory Lightning Arcs
Published on: August 27, 2019
Relámpagos iniciados de forma natural y artificialmente
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 27, 1989
Resumen
La investigación sobre el rayo tiene como objetivo prevenir accidentes y proteger la electrónica sensible. Esta revisión cubre el conocimiento actual de los rayos naturales y desencadenados, sugiriendo direcciones de investigación futuras para una mejor comprensión y estrategias de protección.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física de la atmósfera Física de la atmósfera
- Ingeniería Eléctrica Ingeniería Eléctrica.
- Seguridad Aeroespacial Seguridad Aeroespacial
Sus antecedentes:
- El rayo plantea riesgos significativos, evidenciados por los accidentes históricos durante los lanzamientos espaciales (Apollo 12, Atlas-Centauro 67).
- La electrónica moderna de baja tensión y estado sólido en sistemas terrestres y aéreos es cada vez más vulnerable a las subidas de tensión inducidas por rayos.
- Una comprensión completa de los fenómenos del rayo es crucial para desarrollar medidas de protección efectivas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar el estado actual del conocimiento con respecto a los rayos naturales y desencadenados.
- Identificar los parámetros clave críticos para la protección de los sistemas electrónicos avanzados.
- Proponer vías de investigación futuras para el avance de la física del rayo y las estrategias de protección.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura de la investigación existente sobre el rayo iniciado de forma natural y artificial.
- Análisis de los incidentes históricos relacionados con rayos y su impacto.
- Síntesis de la comprensión actual de la física del rayo y su interacción con los sistemas electrónicos.
Principales resultados:
- Se ha consolidado la comprensión actual de la física del rayo, que abarca tanto eventos naturales como desencadenados.
- Se han destacado las principales vulnerabilidades de la electrónica de estado sólido de baja tensión a los efectos del rayo.
- Identificación de lagunas en el conocimiento de los parámetros críticos de protección.
Conclusiones:
- La investigación continua es esencial para profundizar en la comprensión de la física del rayo.
- Es necesaria una mayor investigación sobre los parámetros de protección para salvaguardar los sistemas tecnológicos avanzados.
- El conocimiento mejorado facilitará el desarrollo de estrategias de protección contra rayos más robustas.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:11Electric Charges
From lightning during thunderstorms to electronic devices, the phenomenon of electromagnetism is all around us. The electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. It has been known to humanity in various forms for thousands of years. For example, the ancient Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus recorded his experiments on static electricity using amber and fur in the sixth century BC.
The English physicist William Gilbert studied the phenomenon of static electricity in...
The English physicist William Gilbert studied the phenomenon of static electricity in...
01:23Induced Electric Fields
The fact that emfs are induced in circuits implies that work is being done on the conduction electrons in the wires. What can possibly be the source of this work? We know that it’s neither a battery nor a magnetic field, as a battery does not have to be present in a circuit where current is induced, and magnetic fields never do any work on moving charges. The source of the work is in fact an electric field that is induced in the wires. For example, if a stationary conductor is placed in a...
01:15Charging Conductors By Induction
The Earth is a good conductor of electricity, and it is so big that it can be considered an infinite source or sink of charges. It can easily exchange charges with any matter.
Generally, conductors like metals do not allow any excess charge to be present on them. Any excess charge added to metals easily flows away, for example, when a metal is placed on the Earth. This process is called earthing.
However, conductors can be charged by a process called induction. For example, consider charging a...
Generally, conductors like metals do not allow any excess charge to be present on them. Any excess charge added to metals easily flows away, for example, when a metal is placed on the Earth. This process is called earthing.
However, conductors can be charged by a process called induction. For example, consider charging a...
01:27Induced Electric Fields: Applications
An important distinction exists between the electric field induced by a changing magnetic field and the electrostatic field produced by a fixed charge distribution. Specifically, the induced electric field is nonconservative because it does not work in moving a charge over a closed path. In contrast, the electrostatic field is conservative and does no net work over a closed path. Hence, electric potential can be associated with the electrostatic field but not the induced field. The following...
01:28Primary Distribution
Primary distribution systems deliver electrical power from substations to consumers through various voltage classes, with 15-kV class voltages being predominant among U.S. utilities. Older 2.5- and 5-kV classes are being replaced by 15-kV primaries, while higher 25- to 34.5-kV classes are used in high-density urban areas and rural regions with long feeders. Three-phase, four-wire multigrounded systems are widely employed for balanced power delivery, using the neutral wire as a grounding point.
01:16Induction
An emf is induced when the magnetic field in a coil is changed by pushing a bar magnet into or out of the coil. emfs of opposite signs are produced by motion in opposite directions, and the directions of emfs are also reversed by reversing poles. The same results are produced if the coil is moved rather than the magnet—it is the relative motion that is important. The faster the motion, the greater the emf. Additionally, there is no emf when the magnet is stationary relative to the coil.
A...
A...