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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Nuclear Power02:36

Nuclear Power

Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
Nuclear Fission02:50

Nuclear Fission

Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large number of different...
Nuclear Fusion02:45

Nuclear Fusion

The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...
Nuclear Stability03:18

Nuclear Stability

Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together in the...
Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...
Nuclear Binding Energy02:13

Nuclear Binding Energy

The difference between the calculated and experimentally measured masses is known as the mass defect of the atom. In the case of helium-4, the mass defect indicates a “loss” in mass of 4.0331 amu – 4.0026 amu = 0.0305 amu. The loss in mass accompanying the formation of an atom from protons, neutrons, and electrons is due to the conversion of that mass into energy that is evolved as the atom forms. The nuclear binding energy is the energy produced when the atoms’ nucleons are bound together;...

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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
09:18

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Published on: December 14, 2017

Una política de ubicación para un futuro nuclear aceptable.

C C Burwell, M J Ohanian, A M Weinberg

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |June 8, 1979
    PubMed
    Resumen

    Se propone una política de instalación de centrales nucleares concentrada, añadiendo reactores a los sitios existentes. Este enfoque tiene como objetivo mejorar la aceptación pública y crear un sistema nuclear más racional para la gestión de residuos y el desmantelamiento.

    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Ingeniería Nuclear Ingeniería Nuclear.
    • Política energética Política energética Política energética
    • Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.

    Sus antecedentes:

    • La ubicación actual de la planta de energía nuclear en los EE.UU. implica muchos sitios dispersos.
    • Esto puede dar lugar a desafíos en la gestión de las actividades nucleares y los residuos.
    • La aceptación pública de la energía nuclear sigue siendo una consideración importante.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Evaluar los beneficios a largo plazo de una política de emplazamiento nuclear concentrado.
    • Proponer una estrategia de implementación incremental para esta política.
    • Explorar cómo el emplazamiento concentrado puede mejorar la gestión de los residuos nucleares y el desmantelamiento.

    Principales métodos:

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  • Análisis comparativo de los modelos de ubicación nuclear concentrada frente a los modelos de ubicación nuclear dispersa.
  • Evaluación de los requisitos institucionales e infraestructurales para los sitios concentrados.
  • Evaluación de los impactos potenciales en la percepción pública y en los marcos regulatorios.

    • Principales resultados:

    • El emplazamiento concentrado puede aislar las actividades nucleares, fortaleciendo las instituciones de gestión.
    • Ofrece potencial para mejorar la gestión a largo plazo de los residuos de bajo nivel y el desmantelamiento de los reactores.
    • La implementación incremental mediante la adición de reactores a los sitios existentes es factible.

    Conclusiones:

    • Una política de unos pocos sitios nucleares grandes y concentrados es preferible a la ubicación dispersa.
    • El emplazamiento concentrado puede conducir a un sistema nuclear más racional y contenido.
    • Este cambio de política puede mejorar la aceptabilidad pública de la energía nuclear en los Estados Unidos.