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La composición química de la niebla ácida
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 12, 1982
Resumen
El agua de niebla en California mostró un aumento de la acidez y las concentraciones de sulfato, nitrato y amonio. Estos hallazgos ponen de relieve el impacto de las interacciones de aerosoles y la eliminación de ácido nítrico en la química del agua atmosférica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química de la atmósfera química de la atmósfera
- Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las gotas de agua atmosféricas, como la niebla, juegan un papel crucial en el transporte y deposición de productos químicos.
- Estudios anteriores han establecido niveles de referencia para los constituyentes químicos en el agua atmosférica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar la composición química del agua de niebla en Los Ángeles y Bakersfield, California.
- Para comparar la acidez actual del agua de niebla y las concentraciones de solutos con datos históricos.
- Para identificar los procesos primarios que rigen la química del agua de niebla.
Principales métodos:
- Colección de muestras de agua de niebla de tres sitios distintos en California.
- Análisis de laboratorio para determinar el pH y las concentraciones de iones clave (sulfato, nitrato, amonio).
- Modelado químico para evaluar la influencia de las interacciones entre aerosoles y agua y limpieza de gases.
Principales resultados:
- Las muestras de agua de niebla mostraron una acidez significativamente mayor, con valores de pH que oscilan entre 2,2 y 4,0.
- Se detectaron concentraciones elevadas de sulfato, nitrato y amonio en comparación con las observaciones anteriores.
- El análisis indicó que la condensación / evaporación de vapor de agua en aerosoles y el acondicionamiento de ácido nítrico son los procesos químicos dominantes.
Conclusiones:
- El agua de niebla en las regiones estudiadas de California es más ácida y químicamente concentrada de lo que se había registrado anteriormente.
- Las interacciones entre aerosoles y agua y la eliminación del ácido nítrico son factores clave de la composición del agua de la niebla.
- Estos hallazgos tienen implicaciones para la comprensión de la contaminación atmosférica y la deposición en entornos urbanos y semi-urbanos.
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