Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 12, 2026

09:28
Fabrication and Testing of Catalytic Aerogels Prepared Via Rapid Supercritical Extraction
Published on: August 31, 2018
Conductividad térmica de los aerogeles orgánicos monolíticos
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron aerogeles de resorcinol-formaldehído con una conductividad térmica (lambda) récord para un aislamiento eficiente. Estos nuevos materiales ofrecen una alternativa sostenible a las dañinas espumas de clorofluorocarbonos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- La ingeniería térmica es la ingeniería térmica.
- Nanotecnología La nanotecnología es la nanotecnología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las espumas aislantes tradicionales a menudo utilizan clorofluorocarbonos perjudiciales para el medio ambiente.
- Existe una creciente necesidad de materiales aislantes avanzados con un rendimiento térmico superior.
- Los aerogeles de resorcinol-formaldehído presentan una alternativa potencial debido a su nanoestructura única.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para medir la conductividad térmica total de los monolitos de aerogel de resorcinol-formaldehído.
- Para investigar la relación entre la densidad del aerogel y la conductividad térmica.
- Para determinar la contribución de la transferencia de calor sólida, gaseosa y radiativa a la conductividad térmica general.
Principales métodos:
- Medición de la conductividad térmica total (lambda) en función de la densidad (rho).
- Medidas calóricas que varían la presión del gas para aislar los componentes de transferencia de calor.
- Mediciones de transmisión infrarroja espectral para analizar la transferencia de calor radiativo.
Principales resultados:
- Se logró una conductividad térmica récord de aproximadamente 0,012 W/m·K a 300 K para una densidad de 157 kg/m3.
- La conductividad térmica se midió sistemáticamente en un rango de densidad de 80 a 300 kg/m3.
- Se logró la descomposición de la conductividad térmica en componentes sólidos, gaseosos y radiativos en función de la densidad.
Conclusiones:
- Los aerogeles de resorcinol-formaldehído exhiben una conductividad térmica excepcionalmente baja, lo que los convierte en aislantes avanzados prometedores.
- Estos materiales ofrecen un sustituto viable y ecológico de las espumas aislantes tradicionales.
- Comprender los mecanismos de transferencia de calor dependientes de la densidad es crucial para optimizar el rendimiento del aislamiento del aerogel.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
Thermal Insulation in Masonry Walls
In hot, dry climates, the thermal mass of masonry walls can be beneficial, absorbing heat during the day and releasing it at night, thereby stabilizing indoor temperatures. However, in most other climates, additional insulation is necessary to enhance thermal resistance.
External insulation can be applied using an Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS), which involves affixing panels of plastic foam to the wall and covering them with a polymeric stucco reinforced with glass fiber mesh.
External insulation can be applied using an Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS), which involves affixing panels of plastic foam to the wall and covering them with a polymeric stucco reinforced with glass fiber mesh.
Conduction, Convection and Radiation: Problem Solving
There are three methods by which heat transfer can take place: conduction, convection, and radiation. Each method has unique and interesting characteristics, but all three have two things in common: they transfer heat solely because of a temperature difference; and the greater the temperature difference, the faster the heat transfer.
In order to solve a problem related to heat transfer, first of all, the situation needs to be examined to determine the type of heat transfer involved. This could...
In order to solve a problem related to heat transfer, first of all, the situation needs to be examined to determine the type of heat transfer involved. This could...
Mechanism of heat transfer
Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
Permeability of Concrete
Permeability in the context of concrete refers to how easily liquids or gases can pass through the material. This quality is crucial for assessing the water-tightness and durability of concrete structures and their resistance to chemical attacks. Concrete permeability can be determined through comparative laboratory tests. These tests typically involve sealing a concrete specimen from the sides, applying water pressure to the top surface with pressure, and measuring the amount of water passing...
Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview
Sigmatropic rearrangements are a class of pericyclic reactions in which a σ bond migrates from one part of a π system to another. These are intramolecular rearrangements where the total number of σ and π bonds remain unchanged.
Sigmatropic shifts are classified based on an order term [i, j ], where i and j indicate the number of atoms across which each end of the σ bond migrates. Below are examples of a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-hexadiene, referred to as...
Sigmatropic shifts are classified based on an order term [i, j ], where i and j indicate the number of atoms across which each end of the σ bond migrates. Below are examples of a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-hexadiene, referred to as...
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant heat.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant heat.

