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La evidencia de isótopos de carbono del suelo para el cambio de hábitat del Holoceno en el valle del Rift de Kenia
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 20, 1991
Resumen
El cambio climático cambió significativamente el límite entre bosque y sabana en el este de África durante el Holoceno posterior. El análisis de isótopos de carbono del suelo revela que este límite avanzó más de 300 metros, impactando las zonas florales y el uso humano de la tierra.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleoclimatología Paleoclimatología
- Paleoecología Paleoecología.
- La geoquímica de los isótopos es la geoquímica de los isótopos.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los registros regionales de polen en el este de África no capturan completamente los cambios significativos en el límite entre bosque y sabana durante el Holoceno posterior.
- Se sabe que el cambio climático influye en los patrones de vegetación, pero las reconstrucciones históricas precisas a menudo son un desafío.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reconstruir los cambios de altitud de la frontera entre bosque y sabana en el este de África durante el Holoceno posterior.
- Investigar el impacto del cambio climático en la dinámica de la vegetación y sus implicaciones para las actividades humanas prehistóricas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las relaciones de isótopos estables de la materia orgánica del suelo de carbono-13 al carbono-12 (13C/12C) a lo largo de un transecto altitudinal en el Valle del Rift central de Kenia.
- Utilizando la distintiva firma isotópica de las hierbas tropicales (proporciones más altas de 13C/12C) preservadas en el carbono orgánico del suelo.
Principales resultados:
- Las proporciones de suelo 13C/12C indican un avance ascendente sustancial del límite entre bosque y sabana, que supera los 300 metros de altitud.
- Los hallazgos sugieren que se produjeron cambios significativos en la vegetación en respuesta al cambio climático del Holoceno tardío.
Conclusiones:
- El límite entre bosque y sabana en el este de África experimentó considerables cambios de altitud, más de lo indicado anteriormente por los registros de polen.
- Estos cambios tienen implicaciones para comprender los impactos del cambio climático en las zonas florales, el uso prehistórico de la tierra y la introducción de la agricultura neolítica.
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