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La direccionalidad y la función de la hendidura auditiva: una teoría de la audición en los grillos del bosque
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 18, 1978
Resumen
Las hembras usan una anatomía especializada del oído para detectar las llamadas de apareamiento. Su sistema auditivo, incluidas las hendiduras timpánicas, crea un mecanismo de sonido direccional para la localización de la pareja.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La bioacústica es la bioacústica.
- Los sistemas auditivos de los insectos.
- La neurobiología sensorial.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las hembras se basan en señales auditivas para encontrar pareja.
- La agudeza auditiva en los insectos está influenciada por complejas estructuras respiratorias y auditivas.
- Investigaciones previas sugirieron mecanismos de audición direccional en los grillos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las propiedades acústicas del sistema auditivo femenino del grillo de monte.
- Para aclarar el papel de las hendiduras timpánicas en la localización del sonido.
- Para confirmar la hipótesis de Autrum sobre la audición direccional.
Principales métodos:
- Manipulación acústica del sistema auditivo del grillo del arbusto (rugas del tímpano, tráquea, espiráculo).
- Medida de la salida neural en respuesta a los estímulos sonoros.
- Análisis de las propiedades acústicas y sensibilidad direccional.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó un mecanismo auditivo bilobado y altamente direccional.
- Este mecanismo está estrechamente asociado con las hendiduras del tímpano.
- Los hallazgos apoyan el papel propuesto de estas estructuras en la localización de mate basada en el sonido.
Conclusiones:
- La compleja anatomía de la oreja hembra del grillo de monte, particularmente las hendiduras timpánicas, facilita una audición altamente direccional.
- Este mecanismo de audición direccional es crucial para la localización efectiva del mate a través del sonido.
- El estudio valida la hipótesis de Autrum con respecto a la función de estas estructuras auditivas.
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