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Composición y estructura de la atmósfera superior marciana: análisis de los resultados de la navegación vikinga
Resumen
La atmósfera superior de Marte es sorprendentemente fría, con temperaturas por debajo de los 200 grados Kelvin. El análisis de los datos de la misión Viking revela una estructura vertical significativa en la atmósfera marciana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Ciencias de la atmósfera Ciencias atmosféricas.
- La aeronomía es la aeronomía.
Sus antecedentes:
- Comprender la composición y la estructura térmica de las atmósferas planetarias es crucial para la planetología comparativa.
- Estudios previos de la atmósfera superior marciana proporcionaron datos limitados sobre los perfiles de temperatura y difusión.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las densidades de dióxido de carbono, nitrógeno y argón de las misiones Viking para determinar la temperatura atmosférica marciana y los perfiles de difusión de remolinos.
- Para investigar la estructura vertical y las características térmicas de la atmósfera superior marciana entre 120 y 200 km.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos del espectrómetro de masas de las misiones Viking 1 y Viking 2.
- Perfiles de temperatura atmosférica derivados de las mediciones de densidad de dióxido de carbono.
- Perfiles calculados del coeficiente de difusión de los remolinos utilizando densidades de nitrógeno y argón.
- Realizó cálculos de modelos para varios componentes de la atmósfera.
Principales resultados:
- Perfiles de altura determinados para la temperatura en la atmósfera superior marciana (120-200 km).
- Perfiles verticales derivados para el coeficiente de difusión del remolino dentro del mismo rango de altitud.
- Reveló temperaturas promedio sorprendentemente bajas (<200 K) y una estructura vertical significativa en la atmósfera superior de Marte.
- Los cálculos del modelo mostraron una buena concordancia con las concentraciones medidas de monóxido de carbono, oxígeno y óxido nítrico.
Conclusiones:
- La atmósfera superior de Marte exhibe una estructura térmica más fría de lo esperado con una notable complejidad vertical.
- Los datos de la misión Viking proporcionan información valiosa sobre la dinámica y la composición de la atmósfera superior marciana.
- Los hallazgos apoyan los modelos atmosféricos actuales y resaltan la necesidad de una mayor investigación de los procesos atmosféricos marcianos.
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