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El origen geomagnético de los eventos de partículas transitorias de los satélites propulsados por reactores nucleares
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 28, 1989
Resumen
El espectrómetro de rayos gamma detectó la radiación de los satélites nucleares soviéticos. Estos eventos, incluida la aniquilación de positrones, estaban relacionados con la altitud del satélite y la densidad atmosférica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física del espacio Física del espacio.
- La ingeniería nuclear es la ingeniería nuclear.
- La astrofísica es la astrofísica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Desde 1980, el espectrómetro de rayos gamma (GRS) en el satélite Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) ha observado eventos transitorios.
- Estos eventos se han relacionado con la radiación emitida por los satélites soviéticos propulsados por reactores nucleares, incluidos los similares a Cosmos 954 y 1402.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para identificar las fuentes de eventos de radiación transitorios detectados por el SMM GRS.
- Para analizar las características de la radiación emitida por los satélites nucleares soviéticos y su interacción con el campo geomagnético de la Tierra.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos del espectrómetro de rayos gamma (GRS) del satélite Misión Máxima Solar (SMM).
- Correlación de los eventos transitorios detectados con las trayectorias orbitales y el estado operativo de los satélites soviéticos propulsados por reactores nucleares.
- Detección de radiación gamma, radiación de la línea de aniquilación de positrones (511 keV) y eventos de partículas cargadas.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron 18 diferentes satélites soviéticos propulsados por reactores nucleares como fuentes de eventos transitorios.
- La radiación gamma fue detectada cuando los satélites pasaron dentro de 400-500 km de SMM.
- Las nubes de positrones y electrones emitidas por satélites se detectaron a través de la radiación de la línea de aniquilación de positrones y los eventos de partículas cargadas, con tiempos de almacenamiento de hasta decenas de minutos en el campo geomagnético.
Conclusiones:
- Los eventos transitorios observados son directamente atribuibles a la radiación de los satélites nucleares soviéticos.
- La tasa de eventos detectados varió significativamente (1 evento/5 días a >30 eventos/día).
- Las tasas de eventos dependieron fuertemente de las altitudes de operación de los satélites Cosmos y la densidad de la atmósfera superior.
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