Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 12, 2026
08:20
In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils
Published on: November 18, 2022
Montañas y climas áridos de latitudes medias
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 12, 1990
Resumen
Las montañas juegan un papel crucial en la creación de climas secos en el hemisferio norte. La eliminación de la orografía en los modelos climáticos da como resultado condiciones significativamente más húmedas, lo que indica montañas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Climatología y climatología.
- Ciencias de la atmósfera Ciencias atmosféricas.
- Geomorfología Geomorfología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las latitudes medias del hemisferio norte exhiben climas áridos extensos.
- No se comprende completamente la influencia de las características topográficas, específicamente las montañas, en la aridez regional.
- Datos paleoclimáticos anteriores sugieren una aridez reducida antes de una elevación importante de las montañas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de las montañas (orografía) en el mantenimiento de climas áridos en las latitudes medias del hemisferio norte.
- Para comparar las condiciones climáticas simuladas con y sin orografía para comprender su impacto en la precipitación y la circulación atmosférica.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un modelo climático global para ejecutar simulaciones con y sin orografía.
- Se analizaron patrones simulados de circulación atmosférica, desarrollo de tormentas y transporte de humedad.
- Resultados del modelo comparados con datos climáticos observados y evidencia paleoclimática.
Principales resultados:
- Las simulaciones con orografía reproducen los climas secos observados sobre Asia central y el oeste de América del Norte.
- La ausencia de orografía condujo a climas húmedos simulados en estas regiones.
- Se descubrió que la orografía induce el hundimiento y limita el desarrollo de tormentas aguas arriba, al tiempo que mejora el desarrollo de tormentas aguas abajo y reduce el transporte de humedad en los interiores continentales.
Conclusiones:
- Las montañas son un factor importante en el establecimiento y mantenimiento de condiciones áridas en el interior continental.
- El mecanismo involucra patrones de circulación atmosférica inducidos orográficamente que suprimen la precipitación en algunas áreas e influyen en el transporte de humedad.
- Estos hallazgos se alinean con la evidencia paleoclimática que sugiere un vínculo entre la elevación de las montañas y el aumento de la aridez.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:16What is Climate?
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
01:21Masonry in Cold and Hot Weather Conditions
In cold weather, masonry construction requires specific precautions to ensure mortar does not freeze before curing, as this can significantly weaken its strength and watertightness. Mortar temperature should be maintained between 60°F and 80°F to support proper hydration and curing. Below 40°F, mortar water must be heated, but should not exceed 120°F as high temperatures can reduce mortar's compressive and bond strength.
Other key practices include keeping masonry units and sand dry and...
Other key practices include keeping masonry units and sand dry and...
01:50Global Climate Change
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
01:07Midrange
A somewhat easy to compute quantitative estimate of a data set’s central tendency is its midrange, which is defined as the mean of the minimum and maximum values of an ordered data set.
Simply put, the midrange is half of the data set’s range. Similar to the mean, the midrange is sensitive to the extreme values and hence the prospective outliers. However, unlike the mean, the midrange is not sensitive to all the values of the data set that lie in the middle. Thus, it is prone to outliers and...
Simply put, the midrange is half of the data set’s range. Similar to the mean, the midrange is sensitive to the extreme values and hence the prospective outliers. However, unlike the mean, the midrange is not sensitive to all the values of the data set that lie in the middle. Thus, it is prone to outliers and...
01:26Requirements for Human Life
The Earth and its atmosphere have provided humans with air, water, and food, but these are not the only requirements for survival. Humans also require a specific range of temperature and pressure that the Earth and its atmosphere provides.
Oxygen
Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen is a key component of the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce ATP. Brain cells are susceptible to a lack of oxygen because they require a...
Oxygen
Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen is a key component of the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce ATP. Brain cells are susceptible to a lack of oxygen because they require a...
01:27Graphs of Two-Variable Functions
A weather map provides a practical example of a function of two variables. Across a wide region such as the United States, temperatures vary from one location to another. Each location can be identified by two geographic coordinates: longitude and latitude. Since a single temperature value is assigned to each coordinate pair, the situation can be represented mathematically as a function with two inputs and one output.In mathematical notation, longitude and latitude can be labeled as x and y,...