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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
Chemical Bonds02:40

Chemical Bonds


Atoms participate in a chemical bond formation to acquire a completed valence-shell electron configuration similar to that of the noble gas nearest to it in atomic number. Ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds are some of the important types of chemical bonds. Bond energy and bond length determine the strength of a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds
An ionic bond is formed due to electrostatic attraction between cations and anions. Often, the ions are formed by the transfer of electrons from...
Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength01:12

Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength

The rebound hammer test, also known as the Schmidt hammer test, is a non-destructive technique for evaluating the hardness of concrete and, indirectly, the strength of concrete. It operates on the principle that the rebound of a spring-driven mass from a concrete surface correlates to the surface's hardness. The device comprises a mass within a tubular housing, a spring mechanism, and a plunger that strikes the concrete. Upon release, the energy imparted to the mass by the spring causes it to...
Bonding and Strength of Aggregate01:12

Bonding and Strength of Aggregate

The bond between aggregate particles and the cement matrix is significantly influenced by the shape and surface texture of the aggregates. High-strength concretes benefit from a rougher texture, which leads to stronger bonding due to greater adhesion. Angular aggregates with larger surface areas also enhance this bond. The bonding quality, however, is complex to assess as no universally accepted test exists. Good bonding is indicated when a crushed concrete specimen shows some aggregate...
Bond Energies and Bond Lengths02:49

Bond Energies and Bond Lengths

Stable molecules exist because covalent bonds hold the atoms together. The strength of a covalent bond is measured by the energy required to break it, that is, the energy necessary to separate the bonded atoms. Separating any pair of bonded atoms requires energy — the stronger a bond, the greater the energy required to break it.
Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate01:22

Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate

Toughness and hardness are critical properties of aggregate materials used in concrete, particularly on pavement surfaces and industrial flooring subjected to heavy loads. Toughness is defined as the aggregate's resistance to failure by impact and is measured by the aggregate impact value (AIV). For this, the aggregate impact value test is performed, wherein the impact is delivered by a standard hammer, which falls freely under its own weight onto the aggregates. The aggregates fragment in the...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Atomic Force Microscopy Cantilever-Based Nanoindentation: Mechanical Property Measurements at the Nanoscale in Air and Fluid
08:58

Atomic Force Microscopy Cantilever-Based Nanoindentation: Mechanical Property Measurements at the Nanoscale in Air and Fluid

Published on: December 2, 2022

La fuerza del diamante.

D J Weidner, Y Wang, M T Vaughan

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |October 21, 1994
    PubMed
    Resumen
    Este resumen es generado por máquina.

    El diamante exhibe un comportamiento elástico a temperatura ambiente, pero se deforma dúctilmente por encima de 1000 ° C bajo alta presión. Su resistencia al rendimiento disminuye significativamente con el aumento de la temperatura, lo que indica la plasticidad cristalina como el mecanismo de deformación primario.

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    Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures
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    Published on: October 7, 2013

    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
    • La geofísica es la geofísica.
    • Física del estado sólido Física del estado sólido

    Sus antecedentes:

    • El diamante, conocido por su dureza, se estudia en condiciones extremas.
    • Comprender sus propiedades mecánicas a altas presiones y temperaturas es crucial para varios campos científicos.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Para medir la resistencia al rendimiento del diamante bajo alta presión (10 GPa) y temperaturas elevadas (hasta 1550°C).
    • Para investigar los mecanismos de deformación del diamante en estas condiciones.

    Principales métodos:

    • Análisis de difracción de rayos X de muestras de diamantes en polvo para examinar las formas de los picos.
    • Variación de las condiciones de presión y temperatura para observar cambios en los patrones de difracción.
    • Microscopía electrónica de transmisión (TEM) para el análisis post-deformación de muestras recuperadas.

    Principales resultados:

    • Los cristales de diamante muestran un comportamiento elástico a temperatura ambiente y 10 GPa.
    • La deformación ductile se vuelve significativa sólo por encima de 1000°C a 10 GPa.
    • La resistencia al rendimiento diferencial disminuye de 16 GPa a 1100°C a 4 GPa a 1550°C.
    • TEM confirma la plasticidad cristalina como el mecanismo de deformación dominante.

    Conclusiones:

    • El comportamiento mecánico del diamante pasa de elástico a dúctil bajo alta presión y temperatura.
    • La temperatura juega un papel crítico en la reducción de la resistencia al rendimiento del diamante a presiones extremas.
    • La plasticidad cristalina gobierna la deformación del diamante bajo condiciones combinadas de alta presión y temperatura.