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Límites para la utilización de la energía eólica.
Resumen
El potencial mundial de energía eólica está limitado a 1,3 x 1014 vatios, con límites en los Estados Unidos de 2 x 1012 vatios. Este estudio explora los factores no económicos y los requisitos del sitio para maximizar la generación de energía eólica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Energía renovable Energía renovable.
- Ciencias de la atmósfera Ciencias atmosféricas.
- Ingeniería Ambiental Ingeniería Ambiental.
Sus antecedentes:
- El creciente interés mundial en la energía eólica requiere la comprensión de sus límites finales de extracción de energía.
- Los factores no económicos influyen significativamente en la potencia total alcanzable de los recursos eólicos.
- Las evaluaciones anteriores a menudo pasan por alto las restricciones macroscópicas y no técnicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar los límites superiores globales y continentales de la extracción de energía eólica.
- Identificar los principales factores no económicos que limitan el potencial de la energía eólica.
- Explorar las implicaciones para la selección del sitio y la utilización de los recursos.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó un enfoque macroscópico para analizar el potencial de la energía eólica.
- Examen de los factores atmosféricos y geográficos que influyen en la captura de energía a gran escala.
- Estimación de los límites de potencia teóricos basados en consideraciones físicas y ambientales.
Principales resultados:
- Un límite global superior para la extracción de energía eólica se estimó en 1,3 x 1014 vatios.
- Se calculó que un sublímite para los Estados Unidos continentales era de 2 x 10^12 vatios.
- Se extrajeron conclusiones con respecto a los tipos de sitios necesarios para acercarse a estos máximos.
Conclusiones:
- La energía eólica posee un enorme potencial, superando a muchas otras fuentes renovables, incluso dentro de los límites calculados.
- La utilización estratégica del sitio es crucial para realizar todo el potencial de la energía eólica.
- Comprender estas limitaciones no económicas es vital para la futura planificación y desarrollo de la energía.
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