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El símbolo de la cruz picada en la antigua Mesoamérica
Resumen
El antiguo símbolo mesoamericano de "cruz picada", encontrado en 29 lugares, muestra un diseño consistente. Esto sugiere su uso como dispositivos astronómicos, calendarios o rituales, posiblemente sirviendo a múltiples funciones simultáneamente.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Arqueología Arqueología.
- Estudios Mesoamericanos Los estudios Mesoamericanos son los estudios que se llevan a cabo en los Estados Unidos.
- La etnoastronomía es la etnoastronomía.
Sus antecedentes:
- Un símbolo recurrente, la figura de la "cruz picada" o "círculo cuadrado", se encuentra tallada en la roca y en los pisos de los edificios ceremoniales a través de la antigua Mesoamérica.
- El diseño, típicamente un círculo doble con ejes ortogonales, muestra una notable consistencia en 29 sitios documentados, lo que indica una intencionalidad más allá de la mera decoración.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las propiedades métricas y la apariencia consistente del símbolo de la cruz picada.
- Explorar las funciones potenciales de este símbolo dentro de las antiguas culturas mesoamericanas.
Principales métodos:
- Encuestas de campo para documentar las propiedades métricas de las figuras cruzadas picadas.
- Análisis comparativo de las variaciones de símbolos en diferentes ubicaciones.
- Revisión de la evidencia arqueológica y cosmológica para las interpretaciones funcionales.
Principales resultados:
- El símbolo de la cruz picada exhibe una notable consistencia en el diseño en 29 ubicaciones reportadas.
- Las propiedades métricas de los símbolos se delinearon sistemáticamente a través de estudios de campo.
- Se identificaron múltiples funciones potenciales, incluida la orientación astronómica, la topografía, los calendarios y los juegos rituales.
Conclusiones:
- El diseño consistente y la presencia generalizada sugieren que la cruz picada no fue superficial.
- La evidencia apoya el uso simultáneo de múltiples funciones para estos símbolos.
- Esta interpretación multifuncional se alinea con la cosmovisión cosmológica de los pueblos mesoamericanos precolombinos.
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