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Global Climate Change

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
Microbes and Climate Change01:27

Microbes and Climate Change

Microorganisms are pivotal agents in Earth's biogeochemical cycles, significantly influencing climate dynamics through their metabolic activities. These microbes modulate the levels of key greenhouse gases by both contributing to and helping mitigate climate change.Microbial Contributions to Greenhouse Gas EmissionsRising global temperatures accelerate microbial metabolism, which, in turn, speeds up the decomposition of organic matter. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) through...
What is Climate?01:16

What is Climate?

Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
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The Carbon Cycle01:14

The Carbon Cycle

Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function
10:19

A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function

Published on: November 21, 2015

El efecto invernadero: ciencia y política.

S H Schneider

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |February 10, 1989
    PubMed
    Resumen

    El calentamiento global, impulsado por el aumento de gases de efecto invernadero como el dióxido de carbono (CO2), es un problema significativo. Si bien la ciencia del calentamiento es clara, los impactos futuros precisos y la detección de una señal definitiva siguen siendo temas de incertidumbre científica y debate político.

    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
    • Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.
    • Química de la atmósfera La química de la atmósfera

    Sus antecedentes:

    • El aumento de los gases de efecto invernadero atmosféricos, incluido el dióxido de carbono (CO2), el metano y los clorofluorocarbonos, está bien establecido.
    • La combustión de combustibles fósiles y los cambios en el uso de la tierra son los principales impulsores del aumento de los niveles de CO2 desde 1850.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Revisar el consenso científico y las incertidumbres que rodean el calentamiento global.
    • Discutir las implicaciones de los modelos climáticos y las posibles respuestas políticas.

    Principales métodos:

    • Análisis de la literatura científica existente y modelos climáticos.
    • Evaluación de datos sobre las concentraciones de gases de efecto invernadero y sus tendencias históricas.

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    Principales resultados:

    • Los modelos climáticos proyectan un aumento de 2-6 ° C en las temperaturas superficiales promedio globales durante el próximo siglo.
    • Se prevé que el aumento del nivel del mar sea de 0,5-1,5 metros, con una considerable incertidumbre.
    • Existen incertidumbres significativas en la predicción de las futuras concentraciones de gases de efecto invernadero y los procesos de retroalimentación, que afectan a las previsiones de temperatura y precipitación.

    Conclusiones:

    • Si bien la ciencia fundamental del calentamiento inducido por los gases de efecto invernadero no es controvertida, los impactos futuros precisos implican incertidumbres significativas.
    • Las decisiones políticas con respecto a las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero implican juicios de valor más allá de los datos puramente científicos.
    • La implementación de políticas que reduzcan las emisiones y ofrezcan beneficios sociales es un enfoque propuesto.