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Fósiles químicos: el destino geológico de los esteroides
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 6, 1982
Resumen
Los esteroides revelan cómo los compuestos orgánicos en los sedimentos se transforman de esteroles biológicos en hidrocarburos. Esta geoquímica orgánica molecular vincula los procesos de la vida con los cambios geológicos, ayudando a la exploración petrolera.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geoquímica orgánica es la geoquímica orgánica.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
- Petrología Sedimentaria.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los esteroides son lípidos biológicos complejos que se encuentran en los sedimentos.
- Comprender su transformación es clave para la geoquímica orgánica molecular.
- Los procesos geoquímicos alteran estos compuestos en el tiempo geológico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para ilustrar los avances en la comprensión del origen y el destino de los compuestos orgánicos en los sedimentos.
- Para explorar las vías de transformación de los esteroides en hidrocarburos.
- Para resaltar el vínculo entre la biogénesis, la diagenesis y la catagénesis.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los esteroides esteroles precursores de los esteroides.
- Investigación de los procesos de transformación microbiana y físico-química.
- Examen de los hidrocarburos saturados y aromáticos resultantes en sedimentos y petróleos.
Principales resultados:
- Los esteroles se transforman en hidrocarburos más estables a través de procesos microbianos y fisicoquímicos.
- Una red compleja enlaza la biogénesis, la diagenesis y la catagénesis.
- Conservación notable de las huellas bioquímicas en geolípidos durante millones de años.
Conclusiones:
- La complejidad de los esteroides biológicos se refleja en los geolípidos.
- Los cambios geoquímicos en los esteroides son sistemáticos y secuenciales.
- La geoquímica orgánica molecular, utilizando marcadores biológicos como los esteroides, es vital para la exploración petrolera, la evaluación de la madurez de los sedimentos y la correlación.
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