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El costo cardiovascular del estrés en el corazón
Daniel J Brotman1, Sherita H Golden, Ilan S Wittstein
1Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. brotman@jhmi.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|September 8, 2007
Resumen
El estrés psicológico afecta al cuerpo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología Cardiología.
- Psiconeuroinmunología psiconeuroinmunología
- Fisiología del estrés Fisiología del estrés
Sus antecedentes:
- El estrés psicológico altera el equilibrio del sistema nervioso autónomo y la actividad del eje hipotálamo-pituitario-adrenal (HPA).
- Estos cambios neuroendocrinos pueden afectar negativamente la salud cardiovascular.
- Tanto la exposición aguda como la crónica al estrés están implicadas en eventos cardiovasculares.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proporcionar una visión general de la asociación entre el estrés y la morbilidad cardiovascular.
- Para aclarar los mecanismos subyacentes que vinculan el estrés a las enfermedades cardiovasculares.
- Explorar posibles estrategias terapéuticas para mitigar los riesgos cardiovasculares relacionados con el estrés.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura y síntesis de la investigación existente.
- Análisis de las vías fisiológicas que conectan las respuestas al estrés con los resultados cardiovasculares.
- Discusión de la evidencia clínica y las intervenciones terapéuticas.
Principales resultados:
- El estrés afecta significativamente el equilibrio simpático-parasimpático y la función del eje HPA.
- El estrés agudo puede desencadenar eventos cardiovasculares inmediatos como infarto de miocardio y disritmia.
- El estrés crónico contribuye a la progresión de la aterosclerosis y el daño cardiovascular a largo plazo.
Conclusiones:
- Existe un fuerte vínculo entre el estrés psicológico y la morbilidad cardiovascular.
- Comprender los mecanismos del daño cardiovascular inducido por el estrés es crucial para la prevención y el tratamiento.
- Dirigirse a las vías de estrés ofrece implicaciones terapéuticas potenciales para el manejo de la enfermedad cardiovascular.
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