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In Situ Measurement and Correlation of Cell Density and Light Emission of Bioluminescent Bacteria
Published on: June 28, 2018
Origen bacteriano de la luminiscencia en los animales marinos
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 13, 1980
Resumen
La bioluminiscencia en animales marinos como calamares y peces probablemente se origina en bacterias simbióticas. Los investigadores encontraron que sus luciferasas son similares a las bacterias Photobacterium, excepto en los peces anomalópidos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Biología Marina Biología Marina.
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La bioluminiscencia es común en los organismos marinos, a menudo atribuida a la simbiosis bacteriana.
- Los simbiontes bacterianos específicos y sus luciferasas en muchos animales productores de luz siguen sin caracterizarse.
- Estudios previos sugieren un origen bacteriano para la luminiscencia de órganos de luz en varias especies marinas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el origen bacteriano de la bioluminiscencia en los órganos luminosos de calamares, peces y pirosomas.
- Para caracterizar las luciferasas bacterianas involucradas en estas simbiosis.
- Para comparar las propiedades cinéticas de las luciferasas de diferentes animales huéspedes.
Principales métodos:
- Detección y análisis de la actividad bacteriana de la luciferasa en extractos de órganos ligeros.
- Análisis cinético de las tasas de desintegración de la luciferasa.
- Comparación de la cinética de las enzimas con las luciferasas bacterianas conocidas.
Principales resultados:
- Se confirmó la actividad de la luciferasa bacteriana en los órganos de luz de calamares, peces y pirosomas.
- El cultivo de bacterias luminosas de estos huéspedes no tuvo éxito.
- Las luciferasas de los órganos luminosos de calamares, ceratioides y pirosomas mostraron similitud con el género *Photobacterium* luciferases.
- Las luciferasas de órgano luminoso de anomalópidos exhibieron distintas cinéticas de desintegración en comparación con otros grupos probados.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos apoyan fuertemente un origen simbiótico bacteriano-animal para la bioluminiscencia en los organismos marinos estudiados.
- Las luciferasas caracterizadas sugieren una estrecha relación evolutiva con las bacterias *Photobacterium* en la mayoría de los casos.
- Las propiedades divergentes de la luciferasa en los anomalópidos pueden indicar una relación simbiótica o linaje bacteriano diferente.
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