Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 11, 2026
07:58
Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt
Published on: August 7, 2017
Ciencias de la Tierra: ¿Fueron los volcanes los que impulsaron las extinciones antiguas?
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 11, 2007
Resumen
Las masivas erupciones volcánicas de hace 183 millones de años pueden explicar cinco eventos de extinción. El calentamiento global de estas erupciones interrumpió los sistemas océano-atmósfera, lo que sugiere un vínculo entre el vulcanismo y las extinciones masivas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleontología Paleontología.
- Geología Geología Geología.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- Los eventos de extinción masiva representan interrupciones significativas en la historia de la Tierra.
- Las causas de muchos eventos de extinción pasados siguen siendo inciertas.
- La investigación reciente se centra en vincular los eventos geológicos a las crisis biológicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las posibles causas de las extinciones masivas.
- Explorar la correlación entre la actividad volcánica y los eventos de extinción.
- Para añadir a la lista de extinciones con causas identificadas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los registros geológicos en busca de evidencia de enormes derrames de lava.
- Examen de los proxies climáticos que indican el calentamiento global y la perturbación del océano y la atmósfera.
- Correlación del momento del evento de extinción con los períodos de actividad volcánica.
Principales resultados:
- Cinco eventos de extinción muestran una correlación sugerente con flujos masivos de lava.
- Estos períodos volcánicos estuvieron asociados con un significativo calentamiento global.
- La evidencia indica la interrupción de los sistemas océano-atmósfera durante estos eventos.
Conclusiones:
- Las erupciones volcánicas masivas están fuertemente implicadas como causa de varios eventos de extinción.
- El calentamiento global asociado probablemente desestabilizó los sistemas críticos de la Tierra.
- Si bien no se ha demostrado definitivamente en todos los casos, la coincidencia en el tiempo sugiere un vínculo causal.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
02:56The Fossil Record
The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...
01:50Global Climate Change
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
01:50Threats to Biodiversity
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
02:35What is Evolutionary History?
Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.Phylogenetic trees illustrate the evolutionary relationships among these organisms. Scientists infer organisms’ common ancestry by evaluating shared morphological and genetic characteristics. Together, the fossil...
01:14The Carbon Cycle
Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
02:06Conditions on Early Earth
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.