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Selección de microhabitat estacional por un endoparasitoide a través de la modificación adaptativa del comportamiento
Resumen
Los parasitoides de insectos alteran el comportamiento del pulgón huésped, con cambios que varían según la etapa de desarrollo del parasitoide. Esta modificación influye en el lugar donde los pulgones parasitados momifican, lo que afecta su supervivencia y reduce el hiperparasitismo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología del comportamiento Ecología del comportamiento.
- Entomología Entomología.
- Parasitología Parasitología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La modificación del comportamiento del huésped por los insectos parasitoides se infiere típicamente de los patrones de distribución.
- Los huéspedes parasitados a menudo exhiben comportamientos alterados en comparación con los individuos no parasitados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar cómo el estado fisiológico de los insectos parasitoides influye en el comportamiento de sus anfitriones.
- Para determinar si el comportamiento del huésped parasitado varía en función de la etapa de desarrollo del parasitoide (diapausing vs nondiapausing).
Principales métodos:
- Estudios observacionales comparando los sitios de distribución y momificación de los áfidos parasitados por parásitos diapausantes y no diapausantes.
- Análisis del comportamiento del huésped en relación con la fisiología parasitaria.
Principales resultados:
- Los pulgones parasitados exhiben diferentes comportamientos que los pulgones no parasitados.
- El comportamiento de los pulgones parasitados depende del estado fisiológico del parasitoide.
- Los áfidos con parasitoides no diapausantes momifican en las superficies superiores de las hojas, mientras que los con parasitoides diapausantes buscan sitios ocultos después de abandonar la planta huésped.
Conclusiones:
- La modificación del comportamiento del huésped inducida por el parásito está influenciada por el estado fisiológico del parásito.
- Diapausing parasitoids inducen el comportamiento del huésped que selecciona para microhabitats que reducen el hiperparasitismo y las condiciones climáticas adversas durante la latencia.
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