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Published on: June 8, 2015
Distribución vertical del agua en la atmósfera de Venus: una explicación termoquímica simple
Resumen
El agua atmosférica en Venus presenta perfiles inusuales. Los datos de conciliación sugieren que el agua se asocia con dióxido de carbono y trióxido de azufre, formando ácidos carbónicos y sulfúricos en la atmósfera inferior.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Química de la atmósfera química de la atmósfera
- La espectroscopia es una técnica de espectroscopia.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los perfiles verticales de abundancia de agua en la atmósfera de Venus muestran distribuciones inusuales, con fuertes disminuciones cerca de la superficie.
- Existen discrepancias entre diferentes bandas infrarrojas, lo que sugiere abundancias de agua que varían por un factor de 2,5 a 10.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para conciliar datos contradictorios sobre los perfiles de abundancia de agua en la atmósfera de Venus.
- Proponer un modelo químico que explique las distribuciones de vapor de agua observadas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos atmosféricos existentes de varias bandas infrarrojas.
- Modelado químico para investigar la asociación molecular en la atmósfera inferior.
- Análisis espectroscópico para comparar las propiedades de absorción del vapor de agua y el ácido sulfúrico.
Principales resultados:
- La reconciliación de datos se logra proponiendo que las moléculas de agua se asocian con dióxido de carbono y trióxido de azufre.
- La formación de ácido carbónico gaseoso y ácido sulfúrico en la atmósfera inferior explica los perfiles inusuales.
- El ácido sulfúrico se identifica como un absorbente más fuerte que el vapor de agua a 0,94 micrómetros, resolviendo las discrepancias de medición.
Conclusiones:
- Se obtiene una abundancia media total de agua de 50 +/- 20 partes por millón para la atmósfera de Venus.
- Se determina una abundancia de vapor de agua libre cerca de la superficie de 10 +/- 4 partes por millón.
- Las asociaciones químicas propuestas proporcionan una explicación coherente para el perfil vertical de abundancia de agua.
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