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Las reservas de carbono y el flujo de los ecosistemas forestales globales
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 14, 1994
Resumen
Los bosques almacenan grandes cantidades de carbono en todo el mundo, principalmente en los suelos. La deforestación libera una cantidad significativa de carbono, pero la gestión forestal puede ayudar a conservarlo y secuestrarlo, impactando los ciclos de carbono futuros.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Silvicultura La silvicultura es la actividad forestal.
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- Los bosques cubren más de 4.100 millones de hectáreas en todo el mundo.
- Los ecosistemas forestales almacenan 1146 petagramos de carbono, con suelos que contienen más de dos tercios.
- La distribución del carbono varía según la latitud: 37% bajo, 14% medio, 49% alto.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar el presupuesto global de carbono de los bosques.
- Para cuantificar los flujos de carbono de la deforestación y la forestación.
- Evaluar el potencial de la gestión forestal para el secuestro de carbono.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de la superficie forestal mundial y el almacenamiento de carbono.
- Cuantificación de las emisiones de carbono de la deforestación (1990).
- Estimación del secuestro de carbono de la expansión y el crecimiento de los bosques.
Principales resultados:
- En 1990, la deforestación en latitudes bajas emitió 1,6 PgC/año.
- El crecimiento de los bosques de latitudes medias y altas secuestró 0.7 PgC/año.
- El flujo neto de carbono atmosférico procedente de los bosques fue de 0,9 PgC/año.
Conclusiones:
- La desaceleración de la deforestación y el aumento de la forestación pueden conservar / secuestrar una cantidad sustancial de carbono.
- El futuro ciclo de carbono forestal es incierto debido al cambio climático y al cambio en el uso de la tierra.
- Los bosques pueden actuar como futuros sumideros o fuentes de carbono.
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