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Las catecolaminas derivadas de fagocitos mejoran la lesión inflamatoria aguda

Michael A Flierl¹, Daniel Rittirsch, Brian A Nadeau

¹Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.

|October 5, 2007

Resumen

Los fagocitos producen catecolaminas, que amplifican la inflamación. El bloqueo de la producción de catecolaminas o de los receptores alfa2-adrenóticos reduce la inflamación pulmonar, lo que identifica a los fagocitos como una fuente clave en las respuestas inmunes.

Área de la Ciencia:

Inmunología Inmunología.
La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
Biología celular Biología celular.

Sus antecedentes:

Los sistemas autónomo e inmunológico interactúan durante la inflamación a través de vías simpáticas y parasimpáticas.
Los linfocitos pueden producir catecolaminas, lo que sugiere un mecanismo de autorregulación durante la inflamación.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar si los fagocitos pueden producir catecolaminas de novo.
Determinar el papel de las catecolaminas derivadas de fagocitos en la inflamación y la lesión pulmonar aguda.

Principales métodos:

Exposición de fagocitos al lipopolisacárido (LPS) para evaluar la producción de catecolaminas y la actividad enzimática.
Estudios in vivo utilizando dos modelos de lesión pulmonar aguda.
Manipulación farmacológica que incluye el bloqueo de los receptores alfa2-adrenorréceptores y la modulación de las enzimas generadoras/degradantes de catecolaminas.

Principales resultados:

Los fagocitos expuestos al LPS liberaron catecolaminas y mostraron enzimas inducidas para generar y degradar catecolaminas.
El bloqueo de los alfa2-adrenorreceptores o las enzimas generadoras de catecolaminas suprimió la inflamación pulmonar.
La activación de los alfa2-adrenorreceptores o la inhibición de las enzimas que degradan las catecolaminas exacerban la inflamación pulmonar.
Se excluyeron las células T y las terminaciones nerviosas simpáticas como fuentes de estas catecolaminas moduladoras.

Conclusiones:

Los fagocitos poseen la maquinaria completa para la generación, liberación e inactivación de catecolaminas.
Los fagocitos son una nueva fuente de catecolaminas que mejoran las respuestas inflamatorias.
Las catecolaminas derivadas de fagocitos juegan un papel importante en la modulación de la lesión pulmonar aguda.

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