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Aceleración extremadamente rápida de los rayos cósmicos en el remanente de una supernova
Yasunobu Uchiyama1, Felix A Aharonian, Takaaki Tanaka
1Department of High Energy Astrophysics, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (ISAS/JAXA), 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 229-8510, Japan. uchiyama@astro.isas.jaxa.jp
Nature
|October 5, 2007
Resumen
Los remanentes de supernovas (SNR) amplifican los campos magnéticos, acelerando los rayos cósmicos (CR). Las observaciones revelan una rápida variabilidad de rayos X en SNR RX J1713.7-3946, lo que confirma la aceleración de electrones en curso y los fuertes campos magnéticos, que apoyan la aceleración de CR a altas energías.
Área de la Ciencia:
- * Astrofísica es la astrofísica.
- * Astrofísica de alta energía.
- * Física del plasma en la física del plasma.
Sus antecedentes:
- * Se cree que los rayos cósmicos galácticos (RC) son acelerados por las ondas de choque del remanente de supernova (SNR).
- * Una predicción clave es la amplificación del campo magnético en choques SNR a través de ondas magnetohidrodinámicas generadas por CR.
- * El SNR RX J1713.7-3946 proporciona un laboratorio único para estudiar estos procesos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- * Para investigar el origen de las partículas de alta energía en los restos de supernovas.
- * Para probar la teoría de la amplificación del campo magnético en choques SNR.
- * Para confirmar la aceleración en curso de los electrones en tiempo real.
Principales métodos:
- * Monitoreo de las emisiones de rayos X del caparazón de SNR RX J1713.7-3946 en una escala de tiempo de un año.
- * Analizando el brillo y la descomposición de los puntos calientes de rayos X.
- * Realizar mediciones espectrométricas de rayos X de banda ancha.
Principales resultados:
- * Se observó una rápida variabilidad en la escala de tiempo anual en los puntos calientes de rayos X dentro de SNR RX J1713.7-3946.
- * Se confirmó la producción de rayos X a través de la emisión de sincrotrones de electrones ultrarelativistas.
- * Se ha demostrado una amplificación significativa del campo magnético (>100x) en un entorno fuertemente magnetizado.
- * Indicado que la aceleración de electrones ocurre en el régimen de difusión Bohm eficiente.
Conclusiones:
- * La variabilidad de rayos X observada proporciona evidencia directa de la aceleración de choque en tiempo real de los electrones.
- * Los hallazgos apoyan fuertemente la aceleración de protones y núcleos a energías PeV y más allá en los remanentes de supernovas jóvenes.
- * Este estudio ofrece evidencia convincente para el papel de los SNR como aceleradores primarios de los rayos cósmicos galácticos.
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