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Atribución de los cambios observados en la humedad superficial a la influencia humana

Katharine M Willett¹, Nathan P Gillett, Philip D Jones

¹Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.

|October 12, 2007

Resumen

La actividad humana está aumentando el vapor de agua atmosférico, un gas de efecto invernadero clave. Este aumento de la humedad específica, observado a nivel mundial, está relacionado con el aumento de las temperaturas y tiene implicaciones climáticas significativas.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de la atmósfera ciencia atmosférica.
Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Ciencias de la Tierra Ciencias de la Tierra

Sus antecedentes:

El vapor de agua es el principal gas de efecto invernadero natural.
Se prevé que el vapor de agua atmosférico aumente con el calentamiento global.
Este aumento actúa como un mecanismo de retroalimentación sobre el cambio climático antropogénico.

Objetivo del estudio:

Identificar e investigar las causas de los cambios en la humedad específica de la superficie durante el siglo XX.
Atribuir los cambios observados en la humedad específica a influencias naturales o humanas.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó un nuevo conjunto de datos observacionales de rejilla homogeneizada y controlada por calidad para la humedad superficial.
Producción empleada de un modelo climático acoplado para el análisis comparativo.
Analizó los cambios en la humedad específica de la superficie a finales del siglo XX.

Principales resultados:

Se identificó un aumento significativo a escala global en la humedad específica de la superficie.
El aumento observado en la humedad específica es atribuible principalmente a la influencia humana.
La humedad específica aumentó en respuesta al aumento de las temperaturas, mientras que la humedad relativa se mantuvo constante.

Conclusiones:

Las actividades humanas son el principal impulsor del aumento observado en la humedad específica de la superficie.
Los hallazgos destacan la retroalimentación significativa del vapor de agua en el cambio climático antropogénico.
Los cambios en la humedad tienen implicaciones críticas para las precipitaciones, los ciclones tropicales, el estrés por calor y la biosfera.

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