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Nuevos mundos en el horizonte: planetas del tamaño de la Tierra cerca de otras estrellas

Eric Gaidos¹, Nader Haghighipour, Eric Agol

¹Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. gaidos@hawaii.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 13, 2007

Resumen

Los científicos están buscando planetas similares a la Tierra más allá de nuestro sistema solar para comprender los orígenes cósmicos. Nuevas misiones están encontrando planetas más pequeños, ofreciendo información sobre la formación de planetas y la prevalencia de mundos habitables.

Área de la Ciencia:

La astronomía y la astrofísica.
Ciencia exoplanetaria Ciencia de los exoplanetas.

Sus antecedentes:

La búsqueda de vida extraterrestre está impulsada por la búsqueda de comprender los orígenes de la humanidad y el significado cósmico.
Los descubrimientos pasados de exoplanetas han identificado principalmente grandes gigantes gaseosos, como Júpiter y Saturno.

Objetivo del estudio:

Extender la búsqueda de planetas a aquellos comparables en tamaño a la Tierra.
Para investigar las vías de formación de exoplanetas terrestres.
Para determinar la frecuencia de planetas similares a la Tierra que orbitan alrededor de otras estrellas.

Principales métodos:

Utilizando instrumentación avanzada y nuevas misiones espaciales para la detección de planetas.
Centrándose en las búsquedas de planetas que orbitan más cerca de sus estrellas.
Analizando las características de los exoplanetas recién descubiertos.

Principales resultados:

Cientos de exoplanetas han sido descubiertos en la última década.
Las búsquedas actuales son cada vez más capaces de detectar planetas del tamaño de la Tierra.
Muchos planetas descubiertos pueden diferir significativamente de la Tierra en temperatura y composición.

Conclusiones:

Las futuras observaciones pondrán a prueba las teorías sobre la formación de exoplanetas terrestres.
El estudio de diversos exoplanetas mejora nuestra comprensión de los procesos de formación de planetas.
La investigación contribuye a estimar la frecuencia de planetas similares a la Tierra potencialmente habitables.

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