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La estabilidad del carbono orgánico en las capas profundas del suelo está controlada por el suministro de carbono
Sébastien Fontaine1, Sébastien Barot, Pierre Barré
1INRA, UR 874 Agronomie, 234 Avenue du Brézet, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France. fontaine@clermont.inra.fr
Nature
|November 13, 2007
Resumen
La estabilidad del carbono del suelo se mantiene cuando los microbios carecen de carbono fresco. La adición de carbono fresco a suelos profundos puede acelerar la descomposición del antiguo carbono orgánico del suelo, lo que afecta las predicciones del cambio climático.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del suelo Ciencias del suelo.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
- Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los suelos almacenan grandes cantidades de carbono, que exceden las reservas atmosféricas y de biomasa.
- Los factores que controlan la estabilidad del carbono orgánico del suelo (SOC) y las respuestas al cambio climático son poco conocidos.
- Las reservas de carbono del suelo profundo son particularmente poco estudiadas en cuanto a su estabilidad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la estabilidad del carbono en las capas profundas del suelo (0,6-0,8 m).
- Comprender el papel del suministro de carbono fresco en la regulación de la descomposición de los antiguos SOC.
- Evaluar las implicaciones para la dinámica del carbono del suelo bajo condiciones ambientales cambiantes.
Principales métodos:
- Caracterización física y química del carbono orgánico del suelo.
- Experimentos de incubación del suelo para medir la actividad microbiana.
- La datación por radiocarbono para determinar la edad del suelo. carbono.
Principales resultados:
- La adición de carbono fresco de origen vegetal estimuló la descomposición microbiana de carbono de 2.567 ± 226 años de antigüedad en el suelo profundo.
- En ausencia de entradas de carbono fresco, se mantiene la estabilidad del carbono orgánico del suelo profundo.
- La descomposición microbiana del carbono antiguo depende del suministro continuo de materia orgánica lábil.
Conclusiones:
- La estabilidad del carbono orgánico del suelo profundo depende de la limitada disponibilidad de fuentes de carbono fresco para los microbios.
- El calentamiento futuro puede no descomponer significativamente el antiguo carbono del suelo profundo si las entradas de carbono fresco siguen siendo bajas.
- El uso alterado de la tierra o las prácticas agrícolas que aumentan la distribución de carbono fresco en los suelos podrían conducir a una pérdida sustancial de carbono antiguo.
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