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La plasticidad transgeneracional es adaptativa en la naturaleza
Laura F Galloway1, Julie R Etterson
1Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4328, USA. lgalloway@virginia.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 17, 2007
Resumen
Las plantas madres pueden transmitir señales de entorno luminoso a la descendencia, influyendo en su historia de vida. Esta plasticidad transgeneracional mejora la aptitud de las plantas en condiciones de luz variables.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología vegetal Biología vegetal
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las plantas se adaptan a las condiciones ambientales, incluida la disponibilidad de luz.
- Las influencias ambientales de los padres en los rasgos de la descendencia (plasticidad transgeneracional) se conocen en algunas especies.
- No se comprende bien el papel del entorno luminoso materno en la formación de la historia de la vida de la descendencia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si el entorno luminoso materno influye en los rasgos de la historia de vida de la descendencia.
- Para determinar si esta plasticidad transgeneracional es adaptativa.
- Evaluar el impacto de los efectos maternos en el crecimiento y la aptitud de la población.
Principales métodos:
- Experimentos controlados en los que las plantas madres fueron expuestas a diferentes ambientes de luz (sobre el suelo frente a la brecha de luz).
- Crecimiento de la descendencia de estas madres en condiciones controladas para evaluar la historia de la vida (anual / bienal).
- Modelado del crecimiento de la población para estimar los beneficios de la plasticidad transgeneracional.
Principales resultados:
- La historia de vida de la descendencia (anual vs. bienal) fue significativamente influenciada por el entorno luminoso materno.
- Esta plasticidad fue adaptativa cuando la descendencia experimentó las mismas condiciones de luz que sus madres.
- Las plantas cocidas por los efectos maternos mostraron 3,4 veces mayor aptitud en comparación con las plantas no cocidas.
Conclusiones:
- El entorno luminoso materno actúa como una señal para la historia de vida de la descendencia.
- La plasticidad transgeneracional en respuesta a la luz es una estrategia adaptativa para las plantas.
- Este mecanismo permite a los organismos sedentarios hacer frente a la heterogeneidad ambiental.
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