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El camino a seguir hacia adelante
Carla AbouZahr1, John Cleland, Francesca Coullare
1Health Metrics Network, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. abouzahrc@who.int
Lancet (London, England)
|November 22, 2007
Resumen
Muchos países de bajos ingresos carecen de sistemas de estadísticas vitales para los nacimientos y muertes, lo que dificulta la salud pública. El desarrollo de estos sistemas requiere estrategias a medida y la creación de capacidad a largo plazo para una mejor toma de decisiones en materia de salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Demografía La demografía es la demografía.
- Fortalecimiento de los sistemas de salud.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las estadísticas vitales confiables sobre nacimientos y muertes son cruciales para la toma de decisiones de salud pública.
- Los países de altos ingresos poseen sólidos sistemas nacionales de registro civil, a diferencia de muchos países de bajos ingresos.
- Las estadísticas vitales inadecuadas en entornos de bajos ingresos exacerban la mortalidad prematura y obstaculizan la política basada en la evidencia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para resaltar la necesidad crítica de estadísticas vitales en los países de bajos ingresos.
- Abordar el fracaso de las iniciativas globales de salud en el apoyo a los sistemas de registro civil.
- Proponer un enfoque dual para mejorar las estadísticas vitales y construir capacidad a largo plazo.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la importancia de los sistemas de registro civil y estadísticas vitales (CRVS).
- Analizando los desafíos en el establecimiento de CRVS en diversos contextos de países.
- Proponer una estrategia combinada a corto y largo plazo para el desarrollo de CRVS.
Principales resultados:
- Los sistemas de registro civil proporcionan un estatus legal esencial y protegen los derechos individuales.
- La falta de CRVS en los países de bajos ingresos impide las intervenciones efectivas de salud pública.
- Un enfoque personalizado y por etapas es necesario para una implementación exitosa de CRVS.
Conclusiones:
- El fortalecimiento del registro civil y los sistemas de estadísticas vitales es esencial para la equidad mundial en salud.
- El apoyo internacional para el desarrollo de CRVS en países de bajos ingresos ha sido insuficiente.
- Una estrategia sostenible implica mejoras inmediatas en la generación de estadísticas vitales y la creación de capacidades a largo plazo para un registro civil integral.
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