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Published on: March 7, 2019
Plantas tolerantes a los altos niveles de boro
Kyoko Miwa1, Junpei Takano, Hiroyuki Omori
1Biotechnology Research Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 1, 2007
Resumen
Los altos niveles de boro en el suelo reducen el rendimiento de las cosechas en todo el mundo. Los científicos mejoraron las plantas de cebada.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Vegetal Biología Vegetal
- Ciencias Agrícolas Ciencias Agrícolas
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La toxicidad del boro (B) en el suelo reduce significativamente la productividad de los cultivos a nivel mundial.
- Se estima que el sur de Australia experimenta una pérdida de rendimiento de cebada del 17% debido a la toxicidad B.
- Las regiones áridas de todo el mundo se caracterizan por suelos con exceso de B, lo que afecta la producción de alimentos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el potencial de AtBOR4 para conferir tolerancia a los altos niveles de boro en las plantas.
- Establecer una base para mejorar la productividad de los cultivos en suelos tóxicos al boro.
Principales métodos:
- Se estudió la expresión de AtBOR4, un parálogo de Arabidopsis del gen transportador de boro BOR1.
- Análisis del papel de AtBOR4 en el transporte de boro y la respuesta de las plantas a los altos niveles de B.
Principales resultados:
- La expresión de AtBOR4 dio lugar a que las plantas exhibieran tolerancia a altos niveles de B.
- AtBOR4 funciona como un exportador de borato polarmente localizado, mejorando el eflujo de boro desde las raíces.
Conclusiones:
- AtBOR4 es un gen clave para el desarrollo de cultivos tolerantes a la toxicidad del boro.
- Esta investigación proporciona una base para las estrategias agrícolas en las tierras áridas afectadas por el boro.
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