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La evidencia de las ondas de Alfvén en los chorros de rayos X solares
J W Cirtain1, L Golub, L Lundquist
1Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Jonathan.W.Cirtain@nasa.gov
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 8, 2007
Resumen
Nuevas observaciones revelan numerosos chorros de rayos X de alta velocidad que se originan en agujeros coronales polares. Estos eventos dinámicos, que ocurren con frecuencia, pueden contribuir significativamente al viento solar de alta velocidad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física solar Física solar es la física de la energía solar.
- La astrofísica del plasma es la astrofísica del plasma.
- Clima Espacial Tiempo del espacio.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los campos magnéticos coronales son altamente dinámicos, y se someten a procesos como la reconexión magnética.
- La reconexión magnética puede liberar energía significativa, lo que lleva a fenómenos como erupciones solares, eyecciones de masa coronal y chorros de rayos X a menor escala.
- Las observaciones anteriores de chorros de rayos X habían documentado tasas y velocidades de eventos más bajas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las características y la frecuencia de los chorros de rayos X en los agujeros coronales polares.
- Para determinar las velocidades y dimensiones de estos chorros de rayos X observados.
- Para evaluar la contribución potencial de los chorros de rayos X al viento solar.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó las observaciones de Hinode de los agujeros coronales polares.
- Detectado y analizado eventos de chorro de rayos X.
- Velocidades de chorro medidas, dimensiones y duraciones.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrió chorros de rayos X con dos poblaciones de velocidad distintas: cerca de la velocidad de Alfvén (~800 km/s) y cerca de la velocidad del sonido (200 km/s).
- Se observó una frecuencia significativamente mayor de eventos, con un promedio de 10 por hora, en comparación con los informes anteriores.
- Los chorros caracterizados son de 2 x 10^3 a 2 x 10^4 km de ancho, 1 x 10^5 km de largo, y tienen una duración de 100-2500 segundos.
Conclusiones:
- El alto número y las velocidades de los chorros de rayos X sugieren que son un fenómeno común y energético.
- Estos hallazgos indican que los chorros de rayos X probablemente juegan un papel crucial en la aceleración y contribución al viento solar de alta velocidad.
- Se necesita más investigación para comprender plenamente las implicaciones de estos chorros para la dinámica del viento solar y el clima espacial.
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