Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 9, 2026
09:51
Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
Published on: July 26, 2017
TAMpering con señalización de receptores tipo peaje
1School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland. laoneill@tcd.ie
Cell
|December 18, 2007
Resumen
La señalización del receptor Toll-like (TLR), crucial para la defensa del huésped, está estrictamente regulada para prevenir enfermedades autoinmunes. Un nuevo estudio revela que las tirosinacinasas del receptor Tyro3/Axl/Mer actúan como un mecanismo de retroalimentación negativa, suprimiendo la inflamación inducida por el TLR al promover la expresión de la proteína SOCS.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Inmunología Inmunología.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- La señalización celular de las células.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los receptores tipo peaje (TLR) median la inmunidad innata, pero requieren una regulación estricta para prevenir la inflamación excesiva y las condiciones autoinmunes.
- La señalización TLR desregulada está implicada en varias enfermedades inflamatorias y autoinmunes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para dilucidar los mecanismos de retroalimentación negativa que controlan la señalización del receptor Toll-like (TLR).
- Identificar actores moleculares clave involucrados en la limitación de las respuestas inflamatorias iniciadas por los TLR.
Principales métodos:
- Investigó el papel de las receptoras tirosina quinasas en la regulación de las respuestas inflamatorias inducidas por TLR.
- Utilizó técnicas de biología molecular para analizar la expresión génica y las interacciones de las proteínas.
Principales resultados:
- Se descubrió que la familia Tyro3/Axl/Mer (TAM) de las receptoras tirosinacinasas regula negativamente la señalización TLR.
- Se demostró que las quinasas TAM inducen la expresión de las proteínas supresoras de la señalización citoquina (SOCS), específicamente SOCS1 y SOCS3.
- Mostró SOCS1 y SOCS3 como mediadores críticos en la amortiguación de las vías inflamatorias inducidas por TLR.
Conclusiones:
- El eje de la tirosina quinasa-SOCS del receptor TAM representa un nuevo y complejo bucle de retroalimentación negativa para controlar la inflamación inducida por el TLR.
- Este mecanismo regulador es esencial para mantener la homeostasis inmune y prevenir patologías inflamatorias.
Más Videos Relacionados
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:16TGF - β Signaling Pathway
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
01:26Signal Transduction: Overview
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. They respond to chemical signals, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules, initiating a series of molecular reactions to produce an appropriate response. This is called signal transduction. Cells also coordinate different responses elicited by the same signaling molecule via mediators, allowing molecular cross-talk.
Typically, signal transduction involves three...
Typically, signal transduction involves three...
01:22Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...
01:19Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
01:26Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...
01:15Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers
Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...