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NUMB controla la actividad supresora de tumores de p53.

Ivan N Colaluca1, Daniela Tosoni, Paolo Nuciforo

  • 1IFOM, the FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology Foundation, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy.

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|January 4, 2008
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Resumen

La pérdida de proteína NUMB en el cáncer de mama activa el NOTCH oncogénico y debilita la vía supresora de tumores p53. Este doble efecto promueve fenotipos tumorales agresivos y un mal pronóstico, revelando un nuevo mecanismo supresor de tumores.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología celular Biología celular.
  • Biología del cáncer Biología del cáncer.
  • Oncología Molecular Oncología Molecular

Sus antecedentes:

  • NUMB es un conocido determinante del destino celular que regula la señalización NOTCH y posee funciones supresoras de tumores en el cáncer de mama.
  • Los mecanismos moleculares precisos que subyacen a las funciones supresoras de tumores de NUMB siguen siendo incompletamente entendidos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Aclarar una nueva función del NUMB humano en la regulación de la estabilidad y actividad de la proteína tumoral p53 (TP53).
  • Investigar las consecuencias de la pérdida de NUMB en el cáncer de mama, específicamente su impacto en las vías p53 y NOTCH.

Principales métodos:

  • Investigó la interacción de NUMB con p53 y la E3 ubiquitina ligasa HDM2 (MDM2) utilizando ensayos bioquímicos.
  • Se evaluó el impacto de los niveles de expresión de NUMB en los niveles de proteína p53, la actividad y los fenotipos aguas abajo en las células primarias de tumores de mama.
  • Se analizó la actividad de la vía NOTCH y la quimiorresistencia en el contexto de la pérdida de NUMB.

Principales resultados:

  • El NUMB descubierto forma un tricomplejo con p53 y HDM2, inhibiendo la ubiquitinación y degradación de p53, estabilizando así p53.
  • Se demostró que la pérdida de la expresión de NUMB en el cáncer de mama conduce a la disminución de los niveles de p53 y al aumento de la quimiorresistencia.
  • Se demostró que la pérdida de NUMB aumenta simultáneamente la actividad del receptor NOTCH, lo que contribuye a un fenotipo tumoral agresivo y un mal pronóstico.

Conclusiones:

  • NUMB actúa como un regulador crucial de la vía supresora del tumor p53 mediante la estabilización de la proteína p53.
  • La pérdida de NUMB en el cáncer de mama inactiva simultáneamente la vía p53 y activa la vía oncogénica NOTCH.
  • Este mecanismo de doble inactivación/activación impulsado por la pérdida de NUMB establece un nuevo circuito supresor de tumores que contribuye a la progresión agresiva del cáncer de mama.