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Abundancias y composiciones de helio y neón en la materia cometaria

Bernard Marty¹, Russell L Palma, Robert O Pepin

¹Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques, Nancy Université, BP 20, 54501 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 5, 2008

Resumen

Los gases nobles en el cometa 81P/Wild 2, capturados por Stardust, sugieren los orígenes tempranos del sistema solar. Estos gases primitivos, que se encuentran en granos ígneos, indican la formación cerca del joven Sol en un entorno de alta energía.

Área de la Ciencia:

Análisis del polvo cósmico Análisis del polvo cósmico
La geoquímica de los isótopos es la geoquímica de los isótopos.
Formación del sistema solar Formación del sistema solar

Sus antecedentes:

Los cometas conservan materiales del sistema solar temprano.
La misión Stardust recolectó muestras del cometa 81P/Wild 2 para su análisis en laboratorio.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para medir los gases nobles en las muestras cometarias de Stardust.
Para determinar el origen y el entorno de formación de estos gases.

Principales métodos:

Mediciones de la relación de isótopos de los gases nobles (neón, helio).
Análisis de partículas de polvo cometario capturadas por la nave espacial Stardust.

Principales resultados:

Las proporciones de isótopos de neón se alinean con los componentes del meteorito primitivo (fase Q).
Las proporciones de isótopos de helio (3He/4He) son el doble de las de la fase Q y Júpiter.
Las altas abundancias de gas sugieren la implantación de la irradiación iónica.
Los gases están alojados en granos ígneos de alta temperatura.

Conclusiones:

Los gases cometarios probablemente se adquirieron en un ambiente nebuloso caliente y de alto flujo iónico cerca del joven Sol.
Los hallazgos apoyan la presencia de materiales primitivos y ricos en gas en el sistema solar temprano.

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